MyBatis学习（9）—— MyBatis缓存

缓存只对查询功能有效

创建一个员工表：emp

CREATE TABLE `studymybatis`.`emp` (
  `eid` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `emp_name` VARCHAR(20),
  `age` INT,
  `sex` CHAR(1),
  `email` VARCHAR(20),
  `did` VARCHAR(20),
  PRIMARY KEY (`eid`));
 
INSERT INTO `studymybatis`.`emp` (`emp_name`, `age`, `sex`, `email`, `did`) VALUES ('张三', '21', '男', 'Zhang@163.com', 'D1');
INSERT INTO `studymybatis`.`emp` (`emp_name`, `age`, `sex`, `email`, `did`) VALUES ('李四', '23', '男', 'Lisi@qq.com', 'D2');
INSERT INTO `studymybatis`.`emp` (`emp_name`, `age`, `sex`, `email`, `did`) VALUES ('王二', '22', '男', 'Wang@163.com', 'D2');
INSERT INTO `studymybatis`.`emp` (`emp_name`, `age`, `sex`, `email`, `did`) VALUES ('小红', '20', '女', 'Hong@163.com', 'D1');
INSERT INTO `studymybatis`.`emp` (`emp_name`, `age`, `sex`, `email`, `did`) VALUES ('王梅', '22', '女', 'Mei@qq.com', 'D3');

在pojo包下编写对应的实体类对象Emp 

一. 一级缓存

一级缓存默认开启，通过同一个SqlSession即可从缓存中获取数据

 一级缓存的范围是：同一个SqlSession

package mapper;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import pojo.Emp;

public interface EmpMapper {
    Emp queryEmpById(@Param("eid") Integer eid);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="mapper.EmpMapper">  <!--为mapper接口的全类名-->

    <select id="queryEmpById" resultType="Emp">
        select * from emp where eid = #{eid}
    </select>

</mapper>

import mapper.EmpMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import pojo.Emp;
import utils.SqlSessionUtils;

public class MapperTest {
    @Test
    public void testQuery(){
        SqlSession sqlSession1 = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();

        EmpMapper mapper1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
        Emp emp1 = mapper1.queryEmpById(1);
        System.out.println(emp1);

        EmpMapper mapper2 = sqlSession1.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
        Emp emp2 = mapper2.queryEmpById(1);    //这一次查询是从缓存中获取的
        System.out.println(emp2);


        SqlSession sqlSession2 = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
        EmpMapper mapper3 = sqlSession2.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
        Emp emp3 = mapper3.queryEmpById(1);  //这一次查询是重新访问数据库获取的
        System.out.println(emp3);
    }
}

使一级缓存失效的情况：①不同的SqlSession；②同一个SqlSession但是查询条件不同；③同一个SqlSession两次相同查询之间执行了一次增删改操作；④同一个SqlSession两次相同查询之间手动清空了缓存

import mapper.EmpMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import pojo.Emp;
import utils.SqlSessionUtils;

public class MapperTest {
    @Test
    public void testQuery(){
        SqlSession sqlSession1 = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();

        EmpMapper mapper1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
        Emp emp1 = mapper1.queryEmpById(1);
        System.out.println(emp1);

        //手动清空缓存
        sqlSession1.clearCache();

        EmpMapper mapper2 = sqlSession1.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
        Emp emp2 = mapper2.queryEmpById(1);    //这一次查询是重新访问数据库获取的
        System.out.println(emp2);
    }
}

二. 二级缓存

二级缓存需要手动打开，通过同一个SqlSessionFactory创建的SqlSession查询的结果会被缓存

 一级缓存的范围是：同一个SqlSessionFactory

二级缓存开启的条件：①查询的数据所转换的实体类类型必须实现序列化的接口；②在映射文件中设置标签<cache/>；③必须在SqlSession关闭或提交以后才有效；

package pojo;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Emp implements Serializable {  //实现序列化接口
    //省略
}

package mapper;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import pojo.Emp;

public interface EmpMapper {
    Emp queryEmpById(@Param("eid") Integer eid);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="mapper.EmpMapper">  <!--为mapper接口的全类名-->

    <cache/> <!--配置缓存标签-->

    <select id="queryEmpById" resultType="Emp">
        select * from emp where eid = #{eid}
    </select>

</mapper>

import mapper.EmpMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;
import pojo.Emp;


import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class MapperTest {
    @Test
    public void testQuery(){
        try {
            InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
            SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(is);

            SqlSession sqlSession1 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
            EmpMapper mapper1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
            Emp emp1 = mapper1.queryEmpById(1);
            System.out.println(emp1);

            //关闭sqlSession1
            sqlSession1.close();

            SqlSession sqlSession2 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
            EmpMapper mapper2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
            Emp emp2 = mapper2.queryEmpById(1);   //从缓存中获取数据
            System.out.println(emp2);
            sqlSession2.close();

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

使二级缓存失效的情况：两次相同查询之间执行了一次增删改操作，一级缓存和二级缓存都会失效

查询顺序：先查询二级缓存再查询一级缓存再查询数据库

三. 第三方缓存EHCache

使用第三方缓存EHCache来实现二级缓存

①在pom.xml中添加依赖

<!-- Mybatis EHCache整合包 -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId>
	<artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
	<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>

②创建EHCache的配置文件ehcache.xml（名字必须为ehcache.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../config/ehcache.xsd">
    <!-- 磁盘保存路径 -->
    <diskStore path="D:\java\ehcache"/>
    <defaultCache
            maxElementsInMemory="1000"
            maxElementsOnDisk="10000000"
            eternal="false"
            overflowToDisk="true"
            timeToIdleSeconds="120"
            timeToLiveSeconds="120"
            diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"
            memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU">
    </defaultCache>
</ehcache>

③在映射文件中设置标签<cache/>

<cache type="org.mybatis.caches.ehcache.EhcacheCache"/>