将web.xml和SpringMVC核心配置文件全都替换注解
创建一个config目录,在该目录下添加以下3个类
一. 创建初始化类代替web.xml
package com.mvc.config;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;
import org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
//web工程的初始化类,用来代替web.xml
public class WebInit extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
//指定spring的配置类
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
}
//指定SpringMVC的配置类
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{WebConfig.class};
}
//指定DispatcherServlet的映射规则,即url-pattern
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
//添加过滤器
@Override
protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
CharacterEncodingFilter encodingFilter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
encodingFilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
encodingFilter.setForceRequestEncoding(true);
HiddenHttpMethodFilter hiddenHttpMethodFilter = new HiddenHttpMethodFilter();
return new Filter[]{encodingFilter, hiddenHttpMethodFilter};
}
}
二. 创建SpringConfig配置类,代替spring的配置文件
package com.mvc.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration //添加@Configuration让类成为配置类
public class SpringConfig {
}
三. 创建WebConfig配置类,代替SpringMVC的配置文件
package com.mvc.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.templatemode.TemplateMode;
import org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ITemplateResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver;
@Configuration //让当前类成为配置类
@ComponentScan("com.mvc.controller") //开启扫描组件
@EnableWebMvc //开启MVC注解驱动
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
//配置生成模板解析器
@Bean
public ITemplateResolver templateResolver() {
WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext = ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext();
ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(webApplicationContext.getServletContext());
templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
return templateResolver;
}
//生成模板引擎并为模板引擎注入模板解析器
@Bean
public SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine(ITemplateResolver templateResolver) {
SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
return templateEngine;
}
//生成视图解析器并未解析器注入模板引擎
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver(SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine) {
ThymeleafViewResolver viewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
viewResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
viewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine);
return viewResolver;
}
//使用默认的servlet处理静态资源
@Override
public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
configurer.enable();
}
//配置文件上传解析器
@Bean
public CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver(){
return new CommonsMultipartResolver();
}
//配置拦截器
/*
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
FirstInterceptor firstInterceptor = new FirstInterceptor(); //该类为创建的拦截器的类
registry.addInterceptor(firstInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/**"); //拦截所有请求
registry.addInterceptor(firstInterceptor).excludePathPatterns("/"); //不拦截某请求,这里是排除拦截index页面
}
*/
//配置视图控制(设置了该方法,则不需要再配置转发到index页面的控制器方法),如果是其他静态页面,也可以这样进行设置
/*
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
}
*/
//配置异常映射
/*
@Override
public void configureHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> resolvers) {
SimpleMappingExceptionResolver exceptionResolver = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver();
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.setProperty("java.lang.ArithmeticException", "error");
//设置异常映射
exceptionResolver.setExceptionMappings(prop);
//设置共享异常信息的键
exceptionResolver.setExceptionAttribute("ex");
resolvers.add(exceptionResolver);
}
*/
}
四. 测试
package com.mvc.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping("/")
public String index() {
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/testPage")
public String goToPage(){
return "test";
}
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>index.html页面</h1>
<a th:href="@{/testPage}">访问test.html</a> <br/>
</body>
</html>
五. 使用JSP视图解析器
将WebConfig配置类中的Thymeleaf视图解析器替换为JSP视图解析器
package com.mvc.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
@Configuration //让当前类成为配置类
@ComponentScan("com.mvc.controller") //开启扫描组件
@EnableWebMvc //开启MVC注解驱动
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
// 配置JSP视图解析器
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
resolver.setViewClass(org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView.class);
resolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);
return resolver;
}
//使用默认的servlet处理静态资源
@Override
public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
configurer.enable();
}
//配置文件上传解析器
@Bean
public CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver(){
return new CommonsMultipartResolver();
}
//配置拦截器
/*
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
FirstInterceptor firstInterceptor = new FirstInterceptor(); //该类为创建的拦截器的类
registry.addInterceptor(firstInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/**"); //拦截所有请求
registry.addInterceptor(firstInterceptor).excludePathPatterns("/"); //不拦截某请求,这里是排除拦截index页面
}
*/
//配置视图控制(设置了该方法,则不需要再配置转发到index页面的控制器方法),如果是其他静态页面,也可以这样进行设置
/*
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
}
*/
//配置异常映射
/*
@Override
public void configureHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> resolvers) {
SimpleMappingExceptionResolver exceptionResolver = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver();
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.setProperty("java.lang.ArithmeticException", "error");
//设置异常映射
exceptionResolver.setExceptionMappings(prop);
//设置共享异常信息的键
exceptionResolver.setExceptionAttribute("ex");
resolvers.add(exceptionResolver);
}
*/
}
将页面全部替换为JSP页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>index.jsp页面</h1>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/testPage">访问test.jsp页面</a>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>test.jsp页面</h1>
</body>
</html>
需要添加JSTL和EL的依赖
<!-- JSTL和EL -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>