摘要:多对多的关系在日常开发中也会经常遇到,在
ActiveRecord
中我们用
HasAndBelongsToMany
特性来实现
Many-Many
的关联,本文将通过一个具体的实例来介绍这一用法。
主要内容
1
.准备数据库表
2
.编写实体类
3
.编写测试代码
一.准备数据库表
接着在上篇文章中的例子,为了实现多对多的关系,我们引入
Community
,即每个
Blog
可以属于多个社区,每个社区也可以有多个
Blog
。
CREATE
TABLE
Blogs (
blog_id int IDENTITY ( 1 , 1 ) PRIMARY KEY ,
blog_name varchar ( 50 ),
blog_author varchar ( 50 )
)
CREATE TABLE Blog_Community (
blog_Id int NOT NULL ,
community_Id int NOT NULL
)
CREATE TABLE Communities (
community_Id int IDENTITY ( 1 , 1 ) PRIMARY KEY ,
community_Name varchar ( 50 ) ,
community_Intro varchar ( 500 )
)
blog_id int IDENTITY ( 1 , 1 ) PRIMARY KEY ,
blog_name varchar ( 50 ),
blog_author varchar ( 50 )
)
CREATE TABLE Blog_Community (
blog_Id int NOT NULL ,
community_Id int NOT NULL
)
CREATE TABLE Communities (
community_Id int IDENTITY ( 1 , 1 ) PRIMARY KEY ,
community_Name varchar ( 50 ) ,
community_Intro varchar ( 500 )
)
二.编写实体类代码
为了实现多对多的关系,我们要在
Blog
、
Community
类中分别使用
HasAndBelongsToMany
特性,不需要编写
Blog_Community
类。示例代码:
的参数相信大家都能够看明白,指定关联表名和关联的外键就可以了。
//
Blog
[HasAndBelongsToMany( typeof (Community),
Table = " Blog_Community " ,
ColumnRef = " community_id " ,
ColumnKey = " blog_id " )]
public IList Communitys
{
get { return _community; }
set { _ community = value; }
}
// Community
[HasAndBelongsToMany( typeof (Blog),
Table = " Blog_Community " ,
ColumnRef = " blog_id " ,
ColumnKey = " community_id " )]
public IList Blogs
{
get { return _blog; }
set { _ blog = value; }
}
[HasAndBelongsToMany( typeof (Community),
Table = " Blog_Community " ,
ColumnRef = " community_id " ,
ColumnKey = " blog_id " )]
public IList Communitys
{
get { return _community; }
set { _ community = value; }
}
// Community
[HasAndBelongsToMany( typeof (Blog),
Table = " Blog_Community " ,
ColumnRef = " blog_id " ,
ColumnKey = " community_id " )]
public IList Blogs
{
get { return _blog; }
set { _ blog = value; }
}
HasAndBelongsToMany
注意:这三个参数必须指定,不可以省略!
HasManyAttribute
说明
属性
|
说明
|
示例
|
Cascade
|
指明哪些操作会从父对象级联到关联的对象,相关的操作见后面,如果不指定,则为None
|
Cascade=ManyRelationCascadeEnum.All
|
Inverse
|
指定是否级联操作
|
Inverse =true|false
|
Schema
|
指定Schema的名字
|
Schema="ARDemo"
|
Table
|
指定持久化类所关联的数据库表名,如果表名与类名相同,可以省略
|
Table="posts"
|
ColumnKey
|
本实体类于另一个实体类关联的外键
|
ColumnKey="community_id"
|
ColumnRef
|
另一实体类的外键
|
ColumnRef="blog_id"
|
Where
|
指定一个附加SQL的Where子句
|
Where="IsPost = 0"
|
Lazy
|
指定是否延迟加载关联对象
|
Lazy=true|false
|
Cascade
的类型值有如下几种
类型
|
说明
|
None
|
不进行级联操作
|
SaveUpdate
|
进行级联Save/Update操作
|
Delete
|
进行级联Delete操作
|
All
|
进行级联Save/Update/Delete操作
|
AllDeleteOrphan
|
进行级联Save/Update/Delete操作,并删除无相关父对象的子对象
|
最后完整的实体类如下:
/**/
/// <summary>
/// Blog 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
[ActiveRecord( " Blogs " )]
public class Blog : ActiveRecordBase
{
private int _id;
private String _name;
private String _author;
private IList _community;
[PrimaryKey(PrimaryKeyType.Identity, "blog_id")]
public int Id
{
get { return _id; }
set { _id = value; }
}
[Property("blog_name")]
public String Name
{
get { return _name; }
set { _name = value; }
}
[Property("blog_author")]
public String Author
{
get { return _author; }
set { _author = value; }
}
[HasAndBelongsToMany(typeof(Community),
Table="Blog_Community",
ColumnRef=" community_id ",
ColumnKey=" blog_id " )]
public IList Communities
{
get { return _community; }
set { _community = value; }
}
public static void DeleteAll()
{
DeleteAll( typeof(Blog) );
}
public static Blog[] FindAll()
{
return (Blog[]) FindAll( typeof(Blog) );
}
public static Blog Find(int id)
{
return (Blog) FindByPrimaryKey( typeof(Blog), id );
}
}
/// Blog 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
[ActiveRecord( " Blogs " )]
public class Blog : ActiveRecordBase
{
private int _id;
private String _name;
private String _author;
private IList _community;
[PrimaryKey(PrimaryKeyType.Identity, "blog_id")]
public int Id
{
get { return _id; }
set { _id = value; }
}
[Property("blog_name")]
public String Name
{
get { return _name; }
set { _name = value; }
}
[Property("blog_author")]
public String Author
{
get { return _author; }
set { _author = value; }
}
[HasAndBelongsToMany(typeof(Community),
Table="Blog_Community",
ColumnRef=" community_id ",
ColumnKey=" blog_id " )]
public IList Communities
{
get { return _community; }
set { _community = value; }
}
public static void DeleteAll()
{
DeleteAll( typeof(Blog) );
}
public static Blog[] FindAll()
{
return (Blog[]) FindAll( typeof(Blog) );
}
public static Blog Find(int id)
{
return (Blog) FindByPrimaryKey( typeof(Blog), id );
}
}
/**/
/// <summary>
/// Community 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
[ActiveRecord( " Communities " )]
public class Community : ActiveRecordBase
{
private int _id;
private String _name;
private String _intro;
private IList _blog;
[PrimaryKey(PrimaryKeyType.Identity, "Community_Id")]
public int Id
{
get { return _id; }
set { _id = value; }
}
[Property("Community_Name")]
public String Name
{
get { return _name; }
set { _name = value; }
}
[Property("Community_Intro")]
public String Author
{
get { return _intro; }
set { _intro = value; }
}
[HasAndBelongsToMany(typeof(Blog),
Table="Blog_Community",
ColumnRef="blog_id",
ColumnKey="community_id" )]
public IList Blogs
{
get { return _blog; }
set { _blog = value; }
}
public static void DeleteAll()
{
DeleteAll( typeof(Community) );
}
public static Community[] FindAll()
{
return (Community[]) FindAll( typeof(Community) );
}
public static Community Find(int id)
{
return (Community) FindByPrimaryKey( typeof(Community), id );
}
}
/// Community 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
[ActiveRecord( " Communities " )]
public class Community : ActiveRecordBase
{
private int _id;
private String _name;
private String _intro;
private IList _blog;
[PrimaryKey(PrimaryKeyType.Identity, "Community_Id")]
public int Id
{
get { return _id; }
set { _id = value; }
}
[Property("Community_Name")]
public String Name
{
get { return _name; }
set { _name = value; }
}
[Property("Community_Intro")]
public String Author
{
get { return _intro; }
set { _intro = value; }
}
[HasAndBelongsToMany(typeof(Blog),
Table="Blog_Community",
ColumnRef="blog_id",
ColumnKey="community_id" )]
public IList Blogs
{
get { return _blog; }
set { _blog = value; }
}
public static void DeleteAll()
{
DeleteAll( typeof(Community) );
}
public static Community[] FindAll()
{
return (Community[]) FindAll( typeof(Community) );
}
public static Community Find(int id)
{
return (Community) FindByPrimaryKey( typeof(Community), id );
}
}
三.编写测试代码
下面是我写的一些简单的测试代码,有兴趣的可以看一下。
1
.级联增加:新增一个Blog,让它同时属于好几个社区
.级联更新:对一个已经存在Blog,更改它属于更多的社区
[Test]
public void TestCascadingSave()
{
//新建一个Blog
Blog blog = new Blog();
blog.Name = "Tech Space";
blog.Author = "Terrylee";
//属于ID为1,2社区
ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
list.Add(Community.Find(1));
list.Add(Community.Find(2));
blog.Communities = list;
//保存
blog.Save();
}
public void TestCascadingSave()
{
//新建一个Blog
Blog blog = new Blog();
blog.Name = "Tech Space";
blog.Author = "Terrylee";
//属于ID为1,2社区
ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
list.Add(Community.Find(1));
list.Add(Community.Find(2));
blog.Communities = list;
//保存
blog.Save();
}
2
[Test]
public void TestCascadingUpdate()
{
//测试1:查找一个Blog
Blog blog = Blog.Find(10);
IList clist = blog.Communities;
clist.Add(Community.Find(4));
clist.Add(Community.Find(3));
blog.Save();
//测试2:查找一个Community
Community community = Community.Find(3);
IList blist = community.Blogs;
blist.Add(Blog.Find(8));
community.Save();
}
public void TestCascadingUpdate()
{
//测试1:查找一个Blog
Blog blog = Blog.Find(10);
IList clist = blog.Communities;
clist.Add(Community.Find(4));
clist.Add(Community.Find(3));
blog.Save();
//测试2:查找一个Community
Community community = Community.Find(3);
IList blist = community.Blogs;
blist.Add(Blog.Find(8));
community.Save();
}
3
.级联删除:删除一个Blog,级联表中对应的记录应该删除,但Community不能删除,因为还有别的Blog和它关联
[Test]
public void TestCascadingDelete()
{
//测试1:删除Blog
Blog blog = Blog.Find(10);
using(TransactionScope btran = new TransactionScope())
{
try
{
blog.Delete();
btran.VoteCommit();
}
catch
{
btran.VoteRollBack();
}
}
//测试2:删除Community
Community community = Community.Find(3);
using(TransactionScope ctran = new TransactionScope())
{
try
{
community.Delete();
ctran.VoteCommit();
}
catch
{
ctran.VoteRollBack();
}
}
}
public void TestCascadingDelete()
{
//测试1:删除Blog
Blog blog = Blog.Find(10);
using(TransactionScope btran = new TransactionScope())
{
try
{
blog.Delete();
btran.VoteCommit();
}
catch
{
btran.VoteRollBack();
}
}
//测试2:删除Community
Community community = Community.Find(3);
using(TransactionScope ctran = new TransactionScope())
{
try
{
community.Delete();
ctran.VoteCommit();
}
catch
{
ctran.VoteRollBack();
}
}
}
好了,关于Many-Many关联映射就写这么多了,内容比较简单。下篇文章我会介绍在ActiveRecord中实现延迟加载和使用Where子句。
参考资料
Castle
的官方网站http://www.castleproject.org