for循环

for循环

一般格式：
for 临时变量 in 想要遍历的对象：

序列均可遍历

#遍历列表，将列表里的每一个元素打印出来
for x in [1,2,3,4]:
    print(x,end='|')

1|2|3|4|
Process finished with exit code 0



#遍历列表，当找到列表里的1时，执行sum=sum+1 然后继续遍历找到2，执行sum=sum+2....直到遍历找到最后一个5，执行sum=sum+5 然后遍历结束 打印出sum即为1+2+3+4+5的和
sum=0
for x in [1,2,3,4,5]:
    sum+=x

print(sum)

15

Process finished with exit code 0

#字典的遍历
#默认遍历出来的是key
emp={'name':'tom','department':'IBD','salary':100}
for key in emp:
    print(key)

name
department
salary

Process finished with exit code 0


emp={'name':'tom','department':'IBD','salary':100}
for key in emp:
    print('{}->{}'.format(key,emp[key]))

name->tom
department->IBD
salary->100

Process finished with exit code 0


#只遍历字典表的key：
emp = {'name': 'tom', 'department': 'IBD', 'salary': 100}
for key in emp.keys():
    print(key)



name
department
salary

Process finished with exit code 0

#只遍历字典表的value：
emp={'name':'tom','department':'IBD','salary':100}
for value in emp.values():
    print(value)

tom
IBD
100

Process finished with exit code 0

注意dict.values()或者dict.keys()不是列表 而是一个可迭代的可以使用for循环遍历的结构 它属于视图

#打印两个字符串中相同的元素
s1 = 'Baidu.com'
s2 = 'Amazon.com'
result = []
for x in s1:
    if x in s2:
        result.append(x)

print(result)




['a', '.', 'c', 'o', 'm']

Process finished with exit code 0


#使用列表的推导也可以实现相同的效果
s1 = 'Baidu.com'
s2 = 'Amazon.com'
result = [x for x in s1 if x in s2]
print(result)
#外边的括号表明最终返回一个列表，列表里的元素是x 而x来自于s1但是不要通通赋给x放在列表里 要满足条件x也在s2里面 才赋值给x放在列表里

['a', '.', 'c', 'o', 'm']

Process finished with exit code 0