-
本文记录的是将数据库表中的数据展示在网页上,实现了一个
完整的前后端
的SSM的流程。
文章目录
1 新建一个SSM项目
2 建表,准备数据
# 建表
CREATE TABLE category_ (
id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
name varchar(30) ,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
) DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8;
# 插入数据
insert into category_ values(null,"category1");
insert into category_ values(null,"category2");
insert into category_ values(null,"category3");
insert into category_ values(null,"category4");
insert into category_ values(null,"category5");
insert into category_ values(null,"category6");
insert into category_ values(null,"category7");
insert into category_ values(null,"category8");
insert into category_ values(null,"category9");
insert into category_ values(null,"category10");
insert into category_ values(null,"category11");
insert into category_ values(null,"category12");
3 配置pom.xml
- 将需要用到的jar包,进行配置
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.how2java.tmall</groupId>
<artifactId>tmall_ssm_test_2</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
<pagehelper.version>5.1.2-beta</pagehelper.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
<mybatis.spring.version>1.2.3</mybatis.spring.version>
<mybatis.version>3.1.1</mybatis.version>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
<jsqlparser.version>1.0</jsqlparser.version>
<jackson.version>1.2.7</jackson.version>
<servlet-api.version>3.1.0</servlet-api.version>
<druid.version>1.0.18</druid.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.16</log4j.version>
<commons-logging.version>1.2</commons-logging.version>
<commons-fileupload.version>1.2.1</commons-fileupload.version>
<commons-io.version>1.3.2</commons-io.version>
<commons-lang.version>2.6</commons-lang.version>
<aopalliance.version>1.0</aopalliance.version>
<mybatis-generator.version>1.3.5</mybatis-generator.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSP相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- pageHelper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
<version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--jsqlparser-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.jsqlparser</groupId>
<artifactId>jsqlparser</artifactId>
<version>${jsqlparser.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>${commons-logging.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>${commons-io.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>${commons-lang.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>${aopalliance.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis-generator.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- 资源文件拷贝插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.7</version>
<configuration>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- java编译插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
<include>**/*.tld</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
4 准备Category实体类
Category.java
package pojo;
public class Category {
private int id;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "[id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "] ";
}
}
5 准备CategoryMapper接口和CategoryMapper.xml
CategoryMapper.java
- 这个接口中定义了用来进行
CRUD
的方法; mapper层
的作用有点类似之前写的dao层
。
package mapper;
import pojo.Category;
import java.util.List;
public interface CategoryMapper {
public List<Category> list();
public Category get(int id);
public int count();
}
CategoryMapper.xml
- 这里将xml文件写在了CategoryMapper.java文件的同一个包下。规范写的话,要写在
resources/mapper/
目录下,不过要进行单独的设置; - 这个xml文件中提供了
sql语句
; namespace
要加上包名,这样才是一个完整的类名
。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="mapper.CategoryMapper">
<select id="get" parameterType="_int" resultType="Category">
select * from category_ where id= #{id}
</select>
<select id="list" resultType="Category">
select * from category_
</select>
</mapper>
6 准备CategoryService接口和CategoryServiceImpl实现类
CategoryService.java
- 这个接口中定义了一个list方法
- 接口中没有注解
package service;
import pojo.Category;
import java.util.List;
public interface CategoryService {
List<Category> list();
}
CategoryServiceImpl.java
- 这个类中实现了接口中的list方法,方法中也是调用了CategoryMapper类中的list方法,拿到了数据的集合;
- 这里使用了注解,
@Service
表示这是一个Service类,接口并没有注解; @Autowired
表示自动装配,相当于不用实例化
,就有了一个CategoryMapper
对象。
@Service
public class CategoryServiceImpl implements CategoryService {
@Autowired
CategoryMapper categoryMapper;
@Override
public List<Category> list() {
return categoryMapper.list();
}
}
7 准备CategoryController类
CategoryController.java
@Controller
表示这是一个Controller类;@RequestMapping("listCategory")
表示匹配了url路径/listCategory
;- 通过装配后的
categoryService
获取到了实体类的集合,然后放到了转发参数
中,然后跳转至listCategory.jsp
页面。
package controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import pojo.Category;
import service.CategoryService;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("")
public class CategoryController {
@Autowired
CategoryService categoryService;
@RequestMapping("listCategory")
public ModelAndView listCategory() {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
List<Category> cs = categoryService.list();
// 放入要传递给页面的参数
mav.addObject("cs", cs);
// 放入要跳转的页面名,会去寻找listCategory.jsp页面
mav.setViewName("listCategory");
return mav;
}
}
8 配置web.xml
- 关联了applicationContext.xml文件的配置
- 关联了springMVC.xml文件的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<!-- spring的配置文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- spring mvc核心:分发servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- spring mvc的配置文件 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
9 配置applicationContext.xml
- applicationContext.xml是Spring的配置文件
- 可以分为四个部分,第一个是通过
注解
的方式,将service类
的生命周期
纳入Spring
的管理,base-package
要写完整的包名(service类); - 第二个部分是配置数据源,相当于JDBC中的
getConnection(url,user,password)
- 第三个部分是
扫描
存放SQL语句的mapper.xml
文件,value
中要写完整的包名(pojo类、mapper.xml文件) - 第四个部分是
扫描
Mapper接口,将其生命周期纳入Spring管理,value
中要写完整的包名(mapper接口)。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 通过注解,将Service的生命周期纳入Spring的管理-->
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scan base-package="service"/>
<!-- 配置数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName">
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<property name="url">
<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cart?characterEncoding=UTF-8</value>
</property>
<property name="username">
<value>root</value>
</property>
<property name="password">
<value>admin</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 扫描存放SQL语句的Category.xml-->
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="pojo"/>
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 扫描Mapper,并将其生命周期纳入Spring的管理-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="mapper"/>
</bean>
</beans>
10 配置springMVC.xml
- 分为四个部分,第一个部分是通过扫描,将controller类的生命周期纳入Spring管理,
base-package
要写完整的包名(controller类); - 使得
访问路径
与方法
的匹配可以通过注解配置
; - 静态页面,如html,css,js,images可以访问
- 视图定位到
/WEB/INF/jsp
这个目录下,这个项目的所有jsp页面都要写在这个目录下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
<!-- 扫描Controller,并将其生命周期纳入Spring管理-->
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scan base-package="controller">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 注解驱动,以使得访问路径与方法的匹配可以通过注解配置-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 静态页面,如html,css,js,images可以访问-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 视图定位到/WEB/INF/jsp 这个目录下-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
11 准备listCategory.jsp页面
- 通过EL表达式获取从controller类中传递的参数
<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>
<tr>
<td>id</td>
<td>name</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${cs}" var="c" varStatus="st">
<tr>
<td>${c.id}</td>
<td>${c.name}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
12 配置启动tomcat
【IDEA】IDEA配置内置tomcat(多图、超详细)
访问地址:http://localhost:8080/tmall_ssm_test_2/listCategory
- 地址中是区分
大小写
的。
13 SSM运行流程
- 浏览器访问地址:
/listCategory
; - web.xml拦截url,交给
DispatcherServlet
处理; - DispatcherServlet将请求转给了
springMVC.xml
,根据配置,转给了CategoryController.java
类; - 在实例化CategoryController类时,注入
CategoryServiceImpl.java
类。自动装配实例化了CategoryService.java接口,而CategoryServiceImpl.java实现了该接口,所以相当于实例化了CategoryServiceImpl.java
类; - 在实例化CategoryServiceImpl.java类时,又注入了
CategoryMapper.java
接口; - 根据
applicationContext.xml
中的配置信息,将CategoryMapper.java和CategoryMapper.xml
关联起来; - 拿到实例化好的CategoryController对象后,调用list方法;
- 在list方法中转发数据,并跳转至jsp页面中;
- 最后在jsp页面中显示数据。
参考资料
https://how2j.cn/k/ssm/ssm-tutorial/1137.html?p=151390