静默安装Oracle数据库

Oracle静默安装

一：修改hosts文件

将本机的用户名密码加上

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts

二．内核参数设置

1.修改/etc/sysctl.conf增加以下参数

[root@localhost ~]$ vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

2.重新载入sysctl变量

[root@localhost ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p

三．修改oracle访问限制

1.修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件增加以下内容

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nofile 10240
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle hard memlock 134217728
oracle soft memlock 134217728

2.修改文件/etc/pam.d/login加入以下内容

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so

四．修改firewall和selinux

1.禁用firewall

 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

2.降低selinux，修改/etc/selinux/config修改selinux参数

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

五.创建oracle用户、组和安装目录

[root@localhost ~]$ groupadd -g 50001 oinstall
groupadd -g 50002 dba
groupadd -g 50003 oper
groupadd -g 50004 backupdba
groupadd -g 50005 dgdba
groupadd -g 50006 kmdba
#groupadd -g 50007 asmdba
#groupadd -g 50008 asmoper
#groupadd -g 50009 asmadmin
groupadd -g 50010 racdba

useradd -u 50001 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle
passwd oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
mkdir -p /u02/oradata
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 /u02
chmod -R 775 /u01 /u02

六．编辑oracle用的profile

1.编辑/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件增加以下变量

[root@localhost ~]# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
# Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=$(hostname)
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORCL
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
export ORA_INVENTORY=/u01/app/oraInventory
export DATA_DIR=/u02/oradata
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

2.安装依赖包

[root@localhost ~]$ yum install bc binutils \
compat-libcap1 \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
compat-libstdc++-33.i686 \
elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel \
fontconfig-devel \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc.i686 \
glibc-devel \
glibc-devel.i686 \
ksh \
libgcc \
libgcc.i686 \
librdmacm-devel \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++.i686 \
libstdc++-devel \
libstdc++-devel.i686 \
libaio \
libaio.i686 \
libaio-devel \
libaio-devel.i686 \
libXext \
libXext.i686 \
libXrender \
libXrender-devel \
libXtst \
libXtst.i686 \
libX11 \
libX11.i686 \
libXau \
libXau.i686 \
libxcb \
libxcb.i686 \
libXi \
libXi.i686 \
make \
sysstat \
unixODBC \
unixODBC-devel \
compat-libcap1 \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
zlib-devel \
dtrace-utils \
libdtrace-ctf-devel \
net-tools \
nfs-utils \
python \
python-configshell \
python-rtslib \
python-six \
targetcli \
smartmontools

[root@localhost ~] yum install -y kernel-devel

[root@localhost ~] rpm -ivh http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/6/base/x86_64/getPackage/compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm

七．安装软件

1.解压安装包

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y unzip
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
[root@localhost ~]cd $ORACLE_HOME
[root@localhost ~]unzip /vagrant/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME

2.安装

一定要 cd $ORACLE_HOME目录下

[oracle@localhost db_1]$ ./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
-responseFile ${ORACLE_HOME}/install/response/db_install.rsp \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${ORACLE_HOSTNAME} \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORA_INVENTORY} \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,en_GB,zh,zh_CN \
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} \
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE} \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba \
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

3.切换到root用户，执行以下脚本

[root@localhost ~]# sh /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
[root@localhost ~]# sh /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/root.sh

八．创建监听和数据库

1.创建监听

[oracle@localhost db_1]$ netca -silent -responsefile /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp

2.启动监听

[oracle@localhost db_1]$ lsnrctl start

显示已开启

3.创建数据库

[oracle@localhost db_1]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname ORCL -sid ORCL -responseFile NO_VALUE \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sysPassword ORAp@ssw0rd \
-systemPassword ORAp@ssw0rd \
-createAsContainerDatabase false \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
-automaticMemoryManagement false \
-totalMemory 2000 \
-storageType FS \
-datafileDestination "/u02/oradata/ORCL/" \
-redoLogFileSize 200 \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-ignorePreReqs

安装完毕后 启动完成

九：启动ORACLE数据库并验证

输入startup