求模式匹配数量

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-02 09:55:19 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/BAI20010904/article/details/129221094

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文章描述了一个在文本编辑程序中常见的问题，即查找模式在文本中的所有出现。给定一个文本数组T和一个模式数组P，目标是计算模式P在文本T中以不同起始位置出现的次数。提出了在KMP算法基础上进行修改的方法，当找到匹配的子串时增加计数器并更新模式指针。样例展示了如何找出字符串abababababab中模式的匹配次数，结果为3。

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题目描述：
Finding all occurrences of a pattern in a text is a problem that arises frequently in text-editing programs. Typically,the text is a document being edited,and the pattern searched for is a particular word supplied by the user. We assume that the text is an array T[1..n] of length n and that the pattern is an array P[1..m] of length m<=n.We further assume that the elements of P and T are all alphabets(∑={a,b...,z}).The character arrays P and T are often called strings of characters. We say that pattern P occurs with shift s in the text T if 0<=s<=n and T[s+1..s+m] = P[1..m](that is if T[s+j]=P[j],for 1<=j<=m). If P occurs with shift s in T,then we call s a valid shift;otherwise,we calls a invalid shift. Your task is to calculate the number of vald shifts for the given text T and p attern P.
输入：
For each case, there are two strings T and P on a line,separated by a single space.You may assume both the length of T and P will not exceed 10^6.
输出：
You should output a number on a separate line,which indicates the number of valid shifts for the given text T and pattern P.
样例输入：
abababab abab
样例输出：
3

本题在KMP算法判断模式匹配的基础上，进一步求文本串中匹配模式串的子串个数，需要将KMP算法修改如下：

int KMP(int n,int m){
    GetNext(m);
    int i=0,j=0,cnt=0;
    while (i<n) {
        if(j==-1||text[i]==pattern[j]){
            i++;
            j++;
        }else{
            j=next[j];
        }
        if(j==m){//当j==m时，表示找到一个匹配的子串，此时i无需改变，仅需改变j
            cnt++;
            j=next[j];
        }
    }
    return cnt;
}