生产者与消费者(一)

首先谈下wait(),notify(),notifyAll(),这个三个方法都是Object里的方法，具体详细作用可以查看API文档:

wait():

/**
     * Causes the current thread to wait until another thread invokes the
     * {@link java.lang.Object#notify()} method or the
     * {@link java.lang.Object#notifyAll()} method for this object, or
     * some other thread interrupts the current thread, or a certain
     * amount of real time has elapsed.
     * <p>

notify():

/**
     * Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on this object's
     * monitor. If any threads are waiting on this object, one of them
     * is chosen to be awakened. The choice is arbitrary and occurs at
     * the discretion of the implementation. A thread waits on an object's
     * monitor by calling one of the {@code wait} methods.
     * <p>

且这三个方法都是native方法。简单的说明这三个方法作用:

如果对象调用了wait方法就会使持有该对象的线程把该对象的控制权交出去，然后处于等待状态。

如果对象调用了notify方法就会通知某个正在等待这个对象的控制权的线程可以继续运行。
如果对象调用了notifyAll方法就会通知所有等待这个对象控制权的线程继续运行。

关于synchronize与volatile参考之前的文章http://blog.csdn.net/bat_os/article/details/53040490

简单分析下生产者与消费者之间的关系，比如厨师就是生产者，顾客是消费者，服务员按照厨师做好菜的顺序把菜送达。下面用wait,notify解决该问题:

public class Task implements Runnable {
    private volatile static int i = 0;
    public void run() {
                System.out.println("任务" + ++i + "执行完");
    }
}

/**
 * Created by diy_os on 2016/11/6.
 */
public class ThreadPool {
    private static  int workThreadNum = 3;
    private volatile static int FINISH_TASK = 0;
    private WorkerThread workerThread[];
    private List<Runnable> listqueue = new LinkedList<Runnable>();
    private static ThreadPool threadPool;
    public ThreadPool(){
        this(workThreadNum);//无参构造器
    }
    public ThreadPool(int workNum){
     ThreadPool.workThreadNum = workNum;
        workerThread = new WorkerThread[workThreadNum];
        for(int i=0;i<workThreadNum;i++) {
            workerThread[i] = new WorkerThread();
            workerThread[i].start();
        }
    }
    public static ThreadPool getThreadPool(){
        return new ThreadPool(workThreadNum);
    }
    public static ThreadPool getThreadPool(int workThreadNum){

        if(threadPool == null){
            return new ThreadPool(workThreadNum);
        }
        return threadPool;
    }
    public void execute(Runnable runnable){
        synchronized (listqueue){
            listqueue.add(runnable);
            listqueue.notify();
        }
    }
    public void execute(Runnable runnable[]){
        synchronized (listqueue) {
            for (Runnable c : runnable) {
                listqueue.add(c);
                listqueue.notify();
            }
        }
    }
    public void execute(List<Runnable> runnables){
        synchronized (listqueue){
            for(int i = 0;i<runnables.size();i++) {
                    listqueue.add(runnables.get(i));
            }
        }
    }
    public class WorkerThread extends Thread{
        boolean isRunning = true;
        Runnable runnable;
        public void run(){
            while (isRunning){
                synchronized (listqueue) {
                    if (isRunning && listqueue.isEmpty()) {
                        try {
                            listqueue.wait(50);
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                    if (!listqueue.isEmpty()) {
                        runnable = listqueue.remove(0);
                    }


            }
                if (runnable != null) {
                    runnable.run();
                }
                FINISH_TASK++;
                runnable = null;
            }
        }
    }
}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        ThreadPool threadPool = ThreadPool.getThreadPool(5);
        threadPool.execute(new Runnable[]{new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task()});
        threadPool.execute(new Runnable[]{new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task()});
        threadPool.execute(new Runnable[]{new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task(),new Task()});
    }
}