过滤器

1.导包：

  <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
          <version>2.5</version>
      </dependency>

<dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
          <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
          <version>2.3.3</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--        jstl表达式依赖-->
      <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp.jstl/jstl-api -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
          <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
          <version>1.2</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
          <version>1.1.2</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--        Standard标签库依赖-->
      <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/taglibs/standard -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
          <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
          <version>1.1.2</version>
      </dependency>

2.编写过滤器：

public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
//过滤器,注意在实现接口的时候Filter包的来源javax.sevlet
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter 初始化");
        //初始化：web服务器启动，就完成初始化，随时等待过滤对象出现！
    }
    @Override
    // chain  链
    //1.过滤中所有的代码，在过滤特定请求的时候都会执行（本次过滤对象是带有/servlet的网址）
    //2.过滤完成后需要让浏览器继续前行： chain.doFilter(request, response);
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        System.out.println("执行前");
        chain.doFilter(request, response);//让请求继续前行，如果不写程序到此就会停止
        System.out.println("执行后");
    }
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        //web服务器关闭的时候，过滤器会被销毁
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter 销毁");
    }
}

过滤器web.xml配置

 <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.hua.Filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<!--        只要是servlet请求，都会经过这个过滤器-->
        <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

被过滤程序的web.xml配置


ShowServlet
/servlet/show


servlet
com.hua.servlet.ShowServlet


servlet
/show

被过滤的程序：
public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// response.setCharacterEncoding(“GBK”);
response.getWriter().print(“你好”);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}