SpringBoot内嵌Web容器tomcat参数定制与优化、关闭web容器

内嵌Web容器——可选容器列表

1. spring-boot-starter-tomcat
2. spring-boot-starter-jetty
3. spring-boot-starter-undertow
4. spring-boot-starter-reactor-netty
    

三种定制tomcat容器的方法

在org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ServerProperties类中有Server的相关配置

可以在ServerProperties.class中查看tomcat相关的参数项，并自定义其值。
1:实现EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer接口，并把实现类纳入到spring容器中管理

2:在spring容器中装配一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer对象
更多细节请查看EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration.class；

类上加注解 @Configuration 和 添加@Bean并配置TomcatEmbeddedServletcontainerFactory
 

3.利用配置文件的方式对服务器进行配置
在application.properties(yml)文件中可以对Tomcat、jeety、undertow的端口，ip地址和是否打印启动时的日志以及最大线程数和最大连接数等特性进行一些配置，配置项的读取类位于如下jar包中。

配置连接数
 threadsMax：Tomcat使用线程来处理接收的每个请求。这个值表示Tomcat可创建的最大的线程数。（高版本的tomcat已将maxThreads 改成了threadsMax）
 acceptCount：指定当所有可以使用的处理请求的线程数都被使用时，可以放到处理队列中的请求数，超过这个数的请求将不予处理。
 minSpareThreads：Tomcat初始化时创建的线程数。
 maxSpareThreads：一旦创建的线程超过这个值，Tomcat就会关闭不再需要的socket线程。
 enableLookups：是否反查域名，取值为：true或false。为了提高处理能力，应设置为false
 connectionTimeout：网络连接超时，单位：毫秒。设置为0表示永不超时，这样设置有隐患的。默认可设置为20000毫秒。
 
 web server允许的最大连接数还受制于操作系统的内核参数设置，通常Windows是2000个左右，Linux是1000个左右。

 优化配置的属性

Attribute	Description
threadPriority （优先级）	(int) The thread priority for threads in the executor, the default is 5 (the value of theThread.NORM_PRIORITY constant)
daemon（守护进程）	(boolean) Whether the threads should be daemon threads or not, the default is true
namePrefix（名称前缀）	(String) The name prefix for each thread created by the executor. The thread name for an individual thread will be namePrefix+threadNumber
threadsMax（最大线程数）	(int) The max number of active threads in this pool, default is 200
minSpareThreads（最小活跃线程数）	(int) The minimum number of threads always kept alive, default is 25
maxIdleTime（空闲线程等待时间）	(int) The number of milliseconds before an idle thread shutsdown, unless the number of active threads are less or equal to minSpareThreads. Default value is 60000(1 minute)
maxQueueSize（最大的等待队里数，超过则请求拒绝）	(int) The maximum number of runnable tasks that can queue up awaiting execution before we reject them. Default value is Integer.MAX_VALUE
prestartminSpareThreads （是否在启动时就生成minSpareThreads个线程）	(boolean) Whether minSpareThreads should be started when starting the Executor or not, the default is false
threadRenewalDelay （重建线程的时间间隔）	(long) If a ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener is configured, it will notify this executor about stopped contexts. After a context is stopped, threads in the pool are renewed. To avoid renewing all threads at the same time, this option sets a delay between renewal of any 2 threads. The value is in ms, default value is 1000 ms. If value is negative, threads are not renewed. 。重建线程池内的线程时，为了避免线程同时重建，每隔threadRenewalDelay（单位： ms ）重建一个线程。默认值为1000 ，设置为负则不重建

 通用属性

Attribute	Description
allowTrace	A boolean value which can be used to enable or disable the TRACE HTTP method. If not specified, this attribute is set to false. 如果需要服务器能够处理用户的HAED/TRACE请求，这个值应该设置为true，默认值是false
asyncTimeout	The default timeout for asynchronous requests in milliseconds. If not specified, this attribute is set to 10000 (10 seconds). 默认超不时候以毫秒为单位的异步恳求。若是没有指定，该属性被设置为10000（10秒）。
enableLookups	Set to true if you want calls to request.getRemoteHost() to perform DNS lookups in order to return the actual host name of the remote client. Set to false to skip the DNS lookup and return the IP address in String form instead (thereby improving performance). By default, DNS lookups are disabled. 若是你想request.getRemoteHost（）的调用 履行，以便返回的长途客户端的实际主机名的DNS查询，则设置为true。设置为false时跳过DNS查找，并返回字符串情势的IP地址（从而提高性能）。默认景象下，禁用DNS查找。
maxHeaderCount	The maximum number of headers in a request that are allowed by the container. A request that contains more headers than the specified limit will be rejected. A value of less than 0 means no limit. If not specified, a default of 100 is used. 容器允许的请求头字段的最大数目。请求中包含比指定的限制更多的头字段将被拒绝。值小于0表示没有限制。如果没有指定，默认设置为100。
maxParameterCount	The maximum number of parameter and value pairs (GET plus POST) which will be automatically parsed by the container. Parameter and value pairs beyond this limit will be ignored. A value of less than 0 means no limit. If not specified, a default of 10000 is used. Note that FailedRequestFilter filtercan be used to reject requests that hit the limit. 将被容器自动解析的最大数量的参数和值对（GET加上POST）。参数值对超出此限制将被忽略。值小于0表示没有限制。如果没有指定，默认为10000。请注意， FailedRequestFilter 过滤器可以用来拒绝达到了极限值的请求。
maxPostSize	The maximum size in bytes of the POST which will be handled by the container FORM URL parameter parsing. The limit can be disabled by setting this attribute to a value less than or equal to 0. If not specified, this attribute is set to 2097152 (2 megabytes). 将被容器以FORM URL参数形式处理的最大长度（以字节为单位）的POST。通过设置此属性的值小于或等于0可以禁用该限制。如果没有指定，该属性被设置为2097152（2兆字节）。
maxSavePostSize	The maximum size in bytes of the POST which will be saved/buffered by the container during FORM or CLIENT-CERT authentication. For both types of authentication, the POST will be saved/buffered before the user is authenticated. For CLIENT-CERT authentication, the POST is buffered for the duration of the SSL handshake and the buffer emptied when the request is processed. For FORM authentication the POST is saved whilst the user is re-directed to the login form and is retained until the user successfully authenticates or the session associated with the authentication request expires. The limit can be disabled by setting this attribute to -1. Setting the attribute to zero will disable the saving of POST data during authentication. If not specified, this attribute is set to 4096 (4 kilobytes). 将被容器在FORM或CLIENT-CERT认证中保存/缓冲的POST的最大尺寸（以字节为单位）。对于这两种类型的身份验证，在用户身份验证之 前，POST将被保存/缓冲。对于POST CLIENT-CERT认证，处理该请求的SSL握手和缓冲清空期间，POST将被缓存。对于Form认证，POST将被保存，同时用户将被重定向到登陆 表单。POST将被一直保留直到用户成功认证或者认证请求关联的会话超时。将此属性设置为-1可以禁用此限制。将此属性设置为0，POST数据在身份验证 过程中将不被保存。如果没有指定，该属性设置为4096（4千字节）。
parseBodyMethods	A comma-separated list of HTTP methods for which request bodies will be parsed for request parameters identically to POST. This is useful in RESTful applications that want to support POST-style semantics for PUT requests. Note that any setting other than POST causes Tomcat to behave in a way that goes against the intent of the servlet specification. The HTTP method TRACE is specifically forbidden here in accordance with the HTTP specification. The default is POST 以逗号分隔的HTTP方法列表，通过方法列表，等同于POST方法，request 正文将被解析成请求参数。这在RESTful应用程序要支持以POST式的语义解析PUT请求中是非常有用的。需要注意的是设置其他值（不是POST）会导致Tomcat的行为违反servlet规范的目的。在这里为了符合HTTP规范明确禁止HTTP方法TRACE。默认值是POST
port	The TCP port number on which this Connector will create a server socket and await incoming connections. Your operating system will allow only one server application to listen to a particular port number on a particular IP address. If the special value of 0 (zero) is used, then Tomcat will select a free port at random to use for this connector. This is typically only useful in embedded and testing applications. TCP端口号，连接器利用该端口号将创建一个服务器套接字，并等待传入的连接。你的操作系统将只允许一个服务器应用程序在一个特定的IP地址侦听特定的端口号。如果使用特殊值0（零），则Tomcat将为连接器随机选择一个空闲的端口。这是通常只用在嵌入式和测试应用程序。
protocol	Sets the protocol to handle incoming traffic. The default value is HTTP/1.1 which uses an auto-switching mechanism to select either a blocking Java based connector or an APR/native based connector. If the PATH (Windows) or LD_LIBRARY_PATH (on most unix systems) environment variables contain the Tomcat native library, the APR/native connector will be used. If the native library cannot be found, the blocking Java based connector will be used. Note that the APR/native connector has different settings for HTTPS than the Java connectors. To use an explicit protocol rather than rely on the auto-switching mechanism described above, the following values may be used: org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol - blocking Java connector org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol - non blocking Java connector org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol - the APR/native connector. Custom implementations may also be used. Take a look at our Connector Comparison chart. The configuration for both Java connectors is identical, for http and https. For more information on the APR connector and APR specific SSL settings please visit the APR documentation 设置协议来处理传入流量。默认值是 HTTP/1.1，将使用自动切换机制来选择阻塞的基于Java的连接器或APR /native 为基础的连接器。如果PATH（Windows）或LD_LIBRARY_PATH（在大多数Unix系统）的环境变量包含在Tomcat的本地库里，APR /native 连接器将被使用。如果在本地库中无法找到，阻断基于Java的连接器将被使用。需要注意的是使用HTTPS比Java连接器与APR /native 连接器有不同的设置。一个明确的协议，而不是依靠上述自动切换机构，可用以下值： org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol -阻塞式的Java连接器 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol -不阻塞Java连接器 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol的 -的APR / native 连接器  也可以使用的用户自定义的实现。看一看在我们的连接器比较图。Java连接器，HTTP和HTTPS，配置是相同的。 APR连接器和APR特定的SSL设置的更多信息，请访问APR文档
proxyName	If this Connector is being used in a proxy configuration, configure this attribute to specify the server name to be returned for calls to request.getServerName(). See Proxy Support for more information.   如果这个连接正在使用的代理服务器配置，配置该属性指定的服务器的名称，可以调用request.getServerName（）返回。有关更多信息，请参见代理支持。
proxyPort	If this Connector is being used in a proxy configuration, configure this attribute to specify the server port to be returned for calls to request.getServerPort(). See Proxy Support for more information. 如果这个连接正在使用的代理服务器配置，配置该属性指定服务器端口，可以调用request.getServerPort（）返回。有关更多信息，请参见代理支持。
redirectPort	If this Connector is supporting non-SSL requests, and a request is received for which a matching<security-constraint> requires SSL transport, Catalina will automatically redirect the request to the port number specified here. 如果该连接器支持非SSL请求，并且接收到的请求为满足安全约束需要SSL传输， Catalina 将自动将请求重定向到指定的端口号。
scheme	Set this attribute to the name of the protocol you wish to have returned by calls torequest.getScheme(). For example, you would set this attribute to "https" for an SSL Connector. The default value is "http". 将该属性设置为你想调用request.getScheme（）返回的协议的名称。例如，对于SSL连接器，你会将此属性设置为“HTTPS ”。默认值是“ HTTP ”。
secure	Set this attribute to true if you wish to have calls to request.isSecure() to return true for requests received by this Connector. You would want this on an SSL Connector or a non SSL connector that is receiving data from a SSL accelerator, like a crypto card, a SSL appliance or even a webserver. The default value is false. 如果你想调用request.isSecure（）收到此连接器的请求返回true，请该该属性设置为true。您希望SSL连接器或非SSL连接器接收数据通过一个SSL加速器，像加密卡，SSL设备，甚至一个web服务器。默认值是假的。
URIEncoding	This specifies the character encoding used to decode the URI bytes, after %xx decoding the URL. If not specified, ISO-8859-1 will be used. 这将指定使用的字符编码​​，来解码URI字符。如果没有指定，ISO-8859-1将被使用。
useBodyEncodingForURI	This specifies if the encoding specified in contentType should be used for URI query parameters, instead of using the URIEncoding. This setting is present for compatibility with Tomcat 4.1.x, where the encoding specified in the contentType, or explicitly set using Request.setCharacterEncoding method was also used for the parameters from the URL. The default value is false. 这指定是否应该用于URI查询参数，而不是使用URIEncoding contentType中指定的编码。此设置兼容性Tomcat 4.1.x版（该版在contentType中指定编码，或者使用request.setCharacterEncoding的方法显式设置（参数为 URL传来的值）。默认值false。
useIPVHosts	Set this attribute to true to cause Tomcat to use the IP address that the request was received on to determine the Host to send the request to. The default value is false. 将该属性设置为true会导致Tomcat使用收到请求的IP地址，来确定将请求发送到哪个主机。默认值是假的。
xpoweredBy	Set this attribute to true to cause Tomcat to advertise support for the Servlet specification using the header recommended in the specification. The default value is false. 将此属性设置为true会导致Tomcat支持使用Servlet规范的通知，（在规范中推荐使用头字段）。默认值是假的。

修改容器配置
端口
. server.port
. server.address
压缩
. server . compression. enabled
. server.compression.min-response-size
. server . compression.mime-types

Tomcat特定配置
. server.tomcat.max-connections=10000

. server.tomcat.max-http-post-size=2MB

. server.tomcat.max-swallow-size=2MB

. server.tomcat.max-threads=200
. server.tomcat.min-spare-threads=10

错误处理
. server. error.path=/error
. server.error.include-exception=false

. server.error.include-stacktrace=never

. server.error.whitelabel.enabled=true

其他
. server.use-forward-headers
. server. servlet.session.timeout

 

 

关闭web容器