原题链接:https://leetcode.com/problems/implement-strstr/
1. 题目介绍
Implement strStr().
Return the index of the first occurrence of needle in haystack, or -1 if needle is not part of haystack.
实现函数strStr()
needle字符串是模式字符串,haystack是主字符串,如果主字符串包含模式字符串,那么返回主串中模式字符串的首字符的下标,如果主串中不包含模式字符串,那么返回-1
Example 1:
Input: haystack = "hello", needle = "ll"
Output: 2
Example 2:
Input: haystack = "aaaaa", needle = "bba"
Output: -1
Clarification:
说明
What should we return when needle is an empty string? This is a great question to ask during an interview.
For the purpose of this problem, we will return 0 when needle is an empty string. This is consistent to C’s strstr() and Java’s indexOf().
当needle字符串为空时,我们应该返回什么值呢?如果在面试中,这是一个很好的问题。
对于这道题来说,当needle字符串为空时,我们将要返回0。这样做能够和C语言的strstr()函数、Java语言的indexOf()函数保持一致。
2. 解题思路
暴力搜索
时间复杂度 O ( ( m − n ) n ) O((m-n)n) O((m−n)n),m 是主字符串,n 是模式字符串。
class Solution {
public int strStr(String haystack, String needle) {
int n_length = needle.length();
int h_length = haystack.length();
if(n_length == 0 ){
return 0;
}
for(int i = 0; i < h_length-n_length+1 ; i++){
if(haystack.substring(i,i+n_length).equals(needle)==true){
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
}
以下方法来自 https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/implement-strstr/solution/kmpsuan-fa-shi-xian-by-phantom_eve/ ,感兴趣的读者可以去看原文
另一种暴搜的方法:
设置两个指针 i 和 j ,分别用于指向主串(haystack)和模式串(needle)
从左到右开始一个个字符匹配。
如果主串和模式串的两字符相等,则 i 和 j 同时后移,比较下一个字符。也即是 i++,j++
如果主串和模式串的两字符不相等,就需要将模式串向右移动,也即是i 跳回去(i = i - j + 1),j 指针归零(j = 0)
所有字符匹配结束后,如果模式串指针指到串尾(j = needle.length),说明完全匹配,此时模式串在主串中,第一个字符出现的位置为:i - j
class Solution {
public int strStr(String haystack, String needle) {
char [] h = haystack.toCharArray();
char [] n = needle.toCharArray();
int h_length = h.length;
int n_length = n.length;
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
while(i < h_length && j < n_length){
if(h[i] == n[j]){
i++;
j++;
}else{
i = i-j+1;
j = 0;
}
}
if(j == n_length){
return i-j;
}else{
return -1;
}
}
}
3. 参考资料
https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/implement-strstr/solution/shi-xian-strstr-by-powcai/
https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/two-sum/solution/kmpsuan-fa-shi-xian-by-phantom_eve/