脚本编程大全 第十一,十二章 构建基本脚本 使用结构化命令

11.7执行数学运算

在shell中执行复杂运算

#!/bin/bash
var1=10.22
var2=11.33
var3=33333

var4=$(bc <<EOF 
scale = 4 
a1 = ( $var1 * $var2 )
b1 = ($var2 *$var3  ) 
a1+b1
EOF
)

echo $var4

test [ -rwx e d OG ]

cat new.sh 
#!/bin/bash

val=0
valf=5.55

echo "$val"

vals1="str1"
vals2="str2"

if [  $vals1 \< $vals2 ]    #< > 符号均需要转义  不然会被解释为重定向 
then 
	echo "vals1  gth vals2"
else 
	echo " vals1 less than vals2"
fi

if [  $valf -eq 5 ]    #不可在test中使用浮点数 
then 
	echo "seixssdasdasdasdas" 
fi 

Tips:
	test 命令使用 数学符号比较字符串;使用文本代码比较数值

#!/bin/bash
str=""
if [ -z $str ]   #判断str长度是否为0    -n？？？？
then
	 echo "str is empty"
else 
	echo "str is not  empty"
fi

测试文件是否为空并写入数据

#!/bin/bash
#
file="opi.txt"

touch $file 

if [ -s $file ]   #比较成功说明有数据
then 
	echo "$file is exit!"
else 
	echo "$file is empty"
	ls -al . &>>$file 
	echo "write successfull"
fi

#!/bin/bash

#check file owership

file=$1
if [ -O $file ]
# -G 比较是否是默认组
then 
	echo "you are $file's owner!"
else 
	echo "you are not $file's owner!"
fi

#!/bin/bash
#check  file date 

#-nt new than 是否比另一个文件新  
file1=$1
file2=$2
#-ot older than
if [$file1 -nt $file2 ]
then 
	echo "$file1 is newer than $file2 "
else 
	echo "$file1 is older than $file2 "
fi

#!/bin/bash

#testing compound comparisons
#[ ]   内必须有 空格 否则会将 [-w 视为一个命令 
file1=$1

if [ -e $file1 ] && [ -w $file1 ]
then 
	echo "$file1 is exited and writable !"
elif [ -e $file1 ]
then
	echo "$file1 is not writable !"
else
	echo "$file1 is not exit !"
fi

双括号 (())

双括号支持的运算符号

#!/bin/bash
declare i site=$1
if ((  site ** 2 >=100   )) 
then 
	echo "$site*$site>=100"
else 
	echo "$site*$site<=100"
fi 

双方括号

双方括号使用了tset命令的标准字符串比较，同时提供了匹配模式

#!/bin/bash
#using pattern matching 
# == 两端同样需要括号
if [[  $USER == u*     ]]
then 
	echo "$USER == u* "
else 
	echo "$USER != u* "
fi

#!/bin/bash
#test case commmand 
#注意 ) 前空格  每次匹配后执行的 ;;
str=$1
case $str in
user )
	echo "This is user!"  ;;
root )
	echo "This is root!"  ;;
* )
	echo "funny input!" ;;
esac