Java的抽象类

我定义了一个Person类（一个抽象类），派生出两个子类--Employee和Student类

 

Person：

---

package absrtactClasses;

public abstract class Person {
    public abstract String getDescription();//抽象类中的抽象方法
    private String name;

    public Person(String name){
        this.name=name;
    }

    public String getName(){
        return name;
    }
}

​​​​​​
 

Employee

---

package absrtactClasses;

import java.time.LocalDate;

public class Employee extends Person {
    private double salary;
    private LocalDate hireDay;

    public Employee(String aname,double asalary,int year,int month,int day){
        super(aname);
        this.salary=asalary;
        hireDay=LocalDate.of(year,month,day);
    }

    public double getSalary(){
        return salary;
    }

    public LocalDate getHireDay(){
        return hireDay;
    }

    public String getDescription(){
        return String.format("an employee with a salary of $%.2f",salary);
    }

    public void raiseSalary(double byPercent){
        double raise=salary*byPercent/100;
        salary+=raise;
    }

}

 

Student：

---

 

package absrtactClasses;

public class Student extends Person{
    private String major;

    public Student(String name,String major){
        super(name);
        this.major=major;
    }

    public String getDescription(){
        return "a student major in "+major;
    }
}

Finally：make it come true

package absrtactClasses;

public class PersonTest {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        Person[] people=new Person[2];
        people[0]=new Employee("Harry Hacker",50000,1989,10,1);
        people[1]=new Student("Maria Morris","Computer Science");

        for (Person p:people) {
            System.out.println(p.getName()+", "+p.getDescription());
        }
    }
}

那么最后就有人问了，可不可以在抽象类中不定义getDescription方法，如果这样的话，那就不能通过变量p来调用该方法了，这就要视实际情况了。