Selenium3自动化测试实战(2）

---

1.设置元素等待

1.1显示等待

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")

element = WebDriverWait(driver,5,0.5).until(
    EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID,"kw"))
)
element.send_keys('selenium')
driver.quit()

from time import sleep,ctime
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")

print(ctime())

for i in range(10):
    try:
        el=driver.find_element_by_id("kw22")
        if el.is_displayed():
            break
    except:
        pass
    sleep(1)
else:
    print("time out")
print(ctime())

driver.quit()

1.2隐式等待

from time import ctime
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
#设置隐式等待为10s

driver.implicitly_wait(10)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")

try:
    print(ctime())
    driver.find_element_by_id("kw22").send_keys('selenium')
except NoSuchElementException as e:
    print(e)
finally:
    print(ctime())
    driver.quit()

2.定位一组元素

from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.baidu.cn")

driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys("selenium")
driver.find_element_by_id("su").click()
sleep(2)

#定位一组元素
texts = driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//div[@tpl='se_com_default']/h3/a")

#计算匹配结果个数
print(len(texts))

#循环遍历出每一条搜索结果的标题
for t in texts:
    print(t.text)

driver.quit()

3.多窗口切换

import time
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")

#获得百度搜索窗口句柄
search_windows=driver.current_window_handle

driver.find_element_by_link_text('登录').click()
driver.find_element_by_link_text("立即注册").click()

#获得当前所有打开的窗口句柄
all_handles=driver.window_handles

#进入注册窗口
for handle in all_handles:
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        if handle != search_windows:
            driver.switch_to_window(handle)
            print(driver.title)
            driver.find_element_by_name("username").send_keys('username')
            driver.find_element_by_name('phone').send_keys('138xxxxxxxx')
            time.sleep(2)
            #....
            #关闭当前窗口
            driver.close()
#回到搜索窗口
driver.switch_to.window(search_windows)
print(driver.title)

driver.quit()

4.警告框处理

from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')

#打开搜索设置
link=driver.find_element_by_link_text("设置").click()
driver.find_element_by_link_text("搜索设置").click()
sleep(2)

#保存设置
driver.find_element_by_class_name("prefpanelgo").click()

#获取警告框
alert = driver.switch_to.alert

#获取警告框提示信息
alert_text=alert.text
print(alert_text)

#接取警告框
alert.accept()
driver.quit()

5.下拉框处理

from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')

#打开搜索设置
link = driver.find_element_by_link_text('设置').click()
driver.find_element_by_link_text("搜索设置").click()

#搜索结果显示条数
sel=driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id='nr']")

#value="20"
Select(sel).select_by_value('20')
sleep(2)

#<option>每页显示50条</option>
Select(sel).select_by_visible_text("每页显示50条")
sleep(2)

#根据下拉选项的索引进行选择
Select(sel).select_by_index(0)
sleep(2)

driver.quit()

6.上传文件

import os
from selenium import webdriver

file_path = os.path.abspath('./files/')

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
upload_page = 'file:///'+file_path+'upfile.html'
driver.get(upload_page)

#定位上传按钮，添加本地文件
driver.find_element_by_id("file").send_keys(file_path + 'test.txt')

7.下载文件

import os
from selenium import webdriver

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
prefs = {'profile.default_content_settings.popups':0,
         'download.default_directory':os.getcwd()}
options.add_experimental_option('prefs',prefs)

driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
driver.get("https://pypi.org/project/selenium/#files")
driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text("selenium-3.141.0.tar.gz").click()

8.操作Cookie

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")

#获得所有Cookie信息并打印
cookie = driver.get_cookies()
print(cookie)

#添加Cookie信息
driver.add_cookie({'name': 'key-aaaaaaaa','value': 'value-bbbbbbb'})

#遍历指定的Cookies
for cookie in driver.get_cookies():
    print("%s -> %s" %(cookie['name'],cookie['value']))