1. 从文件中读取数据
1.1 读取整个文件
with open("messages.txt") as message:
content = message.read()
print(content)
1.2 逐行读取
with open("messages.txt") as message:
for line in message:
print(line)
1.3 创建一个包含文件各行内容的列表
with open("messages.txt") as message:
content = message.readlines()
print(content)
2. 写入文件
2.1 写入空文件
- open()的模式设置
- “r”:只读(默认)
- “w”:只写
- “a”:附加
- “r+”:读写
with open("messages.txt", "w") as message:
message.write("123")
2.2 写入多行
with open("messages.txt", "w") as message:
message.write("ABC\n")
message.write("123")
2.3 附加到文件
with open("messages.txt", "a") as message:
message.write("abc")
3. 异常
使用try-except-else代码块
try:
print(5/0)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Error")
else:
print("Finish")
- try:尝试的代码块
- except:出现相应异常时执行的代码块
- else:无上述异常时执行的代码块
4. 存储数据
使用json.dump()和json.load()
import json
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
with open("numbers.json", "w") as f:
json.dump(numbers, f)
with open("numbers.json") as f:
print(json.load(f))