色块显示

色块显示参考

import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as mpatches
from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression
import pandas as pd

path = 'iris.data'
col = ['sepal length','sepal width','petal length','petal width','class']
data = pd.read_csv(path, header=None,names=col)
# print(data.head())

#将字符标签转成数字标签
data['class'] = pd.Categorical(data['class']).codes
label = data['class']
features = data[['sepal length','sepal width']]

# 构建模型
logisreg = LogisticRegression()
logisreg.fit(features,data['class'])

print(logisreg.intercept_,logisreg.coef_) #模型的权值和偏置
y_hat = logisreg.predict(features)# 训练样本的预测值，是数字标签，实际相当于LR做多分类
print(u'准确度：%.2f%%'%(100*np.mean(y_hat==label.ravel())))

# 划分特征值所在的区域为一个一个的方格
x_min,x_max=features['sepal length'].min()-0.1,features['sepal length'].max()+0.1
y_min,y_max=features['sepal width'].min()-0.1,features['sepal width'].max()+0.1
xx,yy = np.meshgrid(np.linspace(x_min,x_max,200),np.linspace(y_min,y_max,200))
grid_test = np.stack((xx.flat,yy.flat),axis=1)

# 计算分隔点的类别
y_predict = logisreg.predict(grid_test)

# 设置样本点和背景的颜色
cm_pt = mpl.colors.ListedColormap(['#22B14C','#ED1C24','#A0A0FF'])# 点的颜色
cm_bg = mpl.colors.ListedColormap(['#B0E0E6','#FFC0CB','#B5E61D'])# 背景颜色

# 设置坐标轴显示范围
plt.xlim(x_min-0.1,x_max+0.1)
plt.ylim(y_min-0.1,y_max+0.1)
print(y_predict)

# 划分区域的类别
plt.pcolormesh(xx,yy,y_predict.reshape(xx.shape),cmap=cm_bg)

# 显示训练样本
plt.scatter(features['sepal length'],features['sepal width'],
            c=data['class'],cmap=cm_pt,edgecolors='k', s=40,marker='o')
            # edgecolors 散点边界的颜色
            # s散点的大小
            # marker 散点的形状 圆形，三角形，五角星，...

# 区域块的图例
patchs = [mpatches.Patch(color='#B0E0E6', label='Iris-setosa'),
          mpatches.Patch(color='#FFC0CB', label='Iris-versicolor'),
          mpatches.Patch(color='#B5E61D', label='Iris-virginica')]
plt.legend(handles=patchs, fancybox=True, framealpha=0.8)

#显示中文
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']
plt.xlabel(u'萼片的长度')
plt.ylabel(u'萼片的宽度')

plt.show()

色块显示的是模型分块的结果，图片中的点是样本点

plt.scatter()参数