linux下分区大小调整

一、在终端上输入命令“df -h ”查看分区情况

[root@localhost Desktop]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2        18G  4.0G   13G  24% /
tmpfs           491M  372K  491M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1       291M   34M  242M  13% /boot
/dev/sdb5       2.0G   68M  1.9G   4% /data15
/dev/sdb1       2.0G   68M  1.9G   4% /data5

二、卸载data15 使用命令“umount /data15”

[root@localhost Desktop]# umount /data15
[root@localhost Desktop]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2        18G  4.0G   13G  24% /
tmpfs           491M  372K  491M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1       291M   34M  242M  13% /boot
/dev/sdb1       2.0G   68M  1.9G   4% /data5

由以上代码可以看出 /data15已经没有了

卸载时，有时会出现以下提示，

[root@localhost Desktop]# umount /data15
umount: /data15 device is busy
   (In some cases useful info about processes that use the device is found by lsof(8) of fuser(1))

这表示有程序正在占用该分区，接下来使用命令”fuser -km /data15”，终止占用的进程。然后再进行分区卸载 “umount /data15”即可

三、调整分区大小
① 将容量大的分区调小

由于/data15分区是在/dev/sdb5下的，所以通过名黎明“resize2fs -p /dev/sdb5 1G”命令设置一下大小，此处想让/data15分区变成1G。

直接用命令“resize2fs -p /dev/sdb5 1G”设置可能会出现提示，要先e2fsck -f /dev/sdb5 ，然后再执行resize2fs -p /dev/sdb5 1G命令。

如下代码：

[root@localhost Desktop]# resize2fs -p /dev/sdb5 1G
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Please run 'e2fsck -f /dev/sdb5' first.

[root@localhost Desktop]# e2fsck -f /dev/sdb5
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/sdb5: 11/131648 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 25449/526120 blocks
[root@localhost Desktop]# resize2fs -p /dev/sdb5 1G
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/sdb5 to 262144 (4k) blocks.
Begin pass 2 (max = 16401)
Relocating blocks             XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Begin pass 3 (max = 17)
Scanning inode table          XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
The filesystem on /dev/sdb5 is now 262144 blocks long.

使用“mount /data15”命令挂载/data15，然后用df -h查看，可以看到/data15已经变成1G了。

[root@localhost Desktop]# mount /data15
[root@localhost Desktop]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2        18G  4.0G   13G  24% /
tmpfs           491M  372K  491M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1       291M   34M  242M  13% /boot
/dev/sdb1       2.0G   68M  1.9G   4% /data5
/dev/sdb5      1009M   67M  891M   7% /data15

② 将设置空闲空间给不够用的分区
先用vgdisplay命令查看一下卷组的信息

[root@localhost Desktop]# vgdisplay
  No volume groups found

创建卷组vgcreate 卷组名 分区 分区

[root@localhost Desktop]# vgscan   #扫描卷组
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  No volume groups found
[root@localhost Desktop]# vgdisplay   #显示卷组
  No volume groups found
[root@localhost Desktop]# vgcreate vg_data5 /dev/sdb5 #创建指定名称的卷组
  Volume group "vg_data5" successfully created
[root@localhost Desktop]# vgscan
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  Found volume group "vg_data5" using metadata type lvm2
[root@localhost Desktop]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_data5
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  1
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                0
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               2.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              513
  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
  Free  PE / Size       513 / 2.00 GiB
  VG UUID               Zmirh2-CCfe-w3f2-xTwT-JOJn-8EnP-7cRmA9

卷组参考自：http://blog.51cto.com/9265519/1566962

将压缩出来的磁盘空间添加到xxx下，使用命令“lvextend -L +1G /dev/sdb5
”，
使用命令“resize2fs -p /dev/sdb5”进行激活。

lvextend -L +1G /dev/sdb5

 Path required for Logical Volume "sdb5"
  Please provide a volume group name
  Run `lvextend --help' for more information.

解决方法：