08 JavaWeb - HttpServletResponse

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-23 16:01:11 发布

BowenXu11

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-23 16:01:11 发布

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分类专栏： JavaWeb

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/BowenXu11/article/details/114124953

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HttpServletResponse

web服务器接收到客户端的http请求，针对这个请求，分别创建一个代表请求的HttpServletRequest对象，代表响应的一个HttpServletResponse；

如果要获取客户端请求过来的参数：找HttpServletRequest
如果要给客户端响应一些信息：找HttpServletResponse

1、简单分类

负责向浏览器发送数据的方法

ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException;
PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException;

负责向浏览器发送响应头的方法

void setCharacterEncoding(String var1);

void setContentLength(int var1);

void setContentLengthLong(long var1);

void setContentType(String var1);

void setDateHeader(String var1, long var2);

void addDateHeader(String var1, long var2);

void setHeader(String var1, String var2);

void addHeader(String var1, String var2);

void setIntHeader(String var1, int var2);

void addIntHeader(String var1, int var2);

响应的状态码

    int SC_CONTINUE = 100;
    int SC_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS = 101;
    int SC_OK = 200;
    int SC_CREATED = 201;
    int SC_ACCEPTED = 202;
    int SC_NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION = 203;
    int SC_NO_CONTENT = 204;
    int SC_RESET_CONTENT = 205;
    int SC_PARTIAL_CONTENT = 206;
    int SC_MULTIPLE_CHOICES = 300;
    int SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY = 301;
    int SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY = 302;
    int SC_FOUND = 302;
    int SC_SEE_OTHER = 303;
    int SC_NOT_MODIFIED = 304;
    int SC_USE_PROXY = 305;
    int SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT = 307;
    int SC_BAD_REQUEST = 400;
    int SC_UNAUTHORIZED = 401;
    int SC_PAYMENT_REQUIRED = 402;
    int SC_FORBIDDEN = 403;
    int SC_NOT_FOUND = 404;
    int SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED = 405;
    int SC_NOT_ACCEPTABLE = 406;
    int SC_PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 407;
    int SC_REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 408;
    int SC_CONFLICT = 409;
    int SC_GONE = 410;
    int SC_LENGTH_REQUIRED = 411;
    int SC_PRECONDITION_FAILED = 412;
    int SC_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE = 413;
    int SC_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG = 414;
    int SC_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE = 415;
    int SC_REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE = 416;
    int SC_EXPECTATION_FAILED = 417;
    int SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = 500;
    int SC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 501;
    int SC_BAD_GATEWAY = 502;
    int SC_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503;
    int SC_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT = 504;
    int SC_HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 505;

2、下载文件

向浏览器输出消息（一直在讲，就不说了）
下载文件
1. 要获取下载文件的路径
2. 下载的文件名是啥？
3. 设置想办法让浏览器能够支持下载我们需要的东西
4. 获取下载文件的输入流
5. 创建缓冲区
6. 获取OutputStream对象
7. 将FileOutputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区
8. 使用OutputStream将缓冲区中的数据输出到客户端！

package com.myweb;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class Demo01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //response下载文件
//        1.要获取下载文件的路径
        String realPath ="/Users/xubainan/Documents/java/01java基础/com.myweb/response/src/resources/1.jpg";
        System.out.println(realPath);
//        2.下载的文件名是啥？
        String fileName=realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
//        3.设置想办法让浏览器能够支持下载我们需要的东西
        resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
//        4.获取下载文件的输入流
        FileInputStream in =new FileInputStream(realPath);
//        5.创建缓冲区
        int length =0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
//        6.获取OutputStream对象
        ServletOutputStream out =resp.getOutputStream();
//        将FileOutputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区//        使用OutputStream将缓冲区中的数据输出到客户端！
        while ((length=in.read(buffer))>0)
        {
            out.write(buffer,0,length);
        }
        //关闭流
        in.close();
        out.close();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

3.显示一张图片（验证码图片）

生成一个验证码图片，返回给浏览器

package com.myweb;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

public class Demo02 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获得一个随机数
        String str = makeRandomNum(6);

        //生成一个图片
        BufferedImage image = stringToImg(str, 80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

        //返回浏览器数据
        //告诉浏览器，这个请求用图片的方式打开
        resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        //网站存在缓存，不让浏览器缓存
        resp.setDateHeader("expires",-1);
        resp.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
        resp.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");

        ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",resp.getOutputStream());
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
    //生成一个随机数
    private String makeRandomNum(int length){
      //如果长度小于0，就一直返回四个0
        if (length<0) {
            return "0000";
        }
        //new一个sb对象，用于记录随机数
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        Random random = new Random();
        for (int i = 0; i <length ; i++) {

            sb.append(random.nextInt(9));
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
    //将字符串画成图片的方法
    private BufferedImage stringToImg(String str,
                                      int width,
                                      int height,
                                      int imageType){
        //创建一个BufferedImage对象
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,imageType);
        //创建一个画笔工具
        Graphics2D g =(Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();//笔
        //设置图片背景色
        g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        g.fillRect(0,0,width,height);
        //图片上写字
        g.setColor(Color.orange);//字体颜色
        g.setFont(new Font("宋体",Font.ITALIC,18));//字体
        g.drawString(str,0,height);

        return image;
    }

}

4.重定向

resp.sendRedirect();

package com.myweb;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Demo03 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        System.out.println(req.getServletPath());//   /dm03
//        System.out.println(req.getRequestURI());//   /response_war/dm03
//        System.out.println(req.getRequestURL().toString()); // http://localhost:8080/response_war/dm03

        String url = req.getRequestURI();
        System.out.println();
        resp.sendRedirect(url.substring(0, url.lastIndexOf("/")) + "/dm02");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

面试题：请你聊聊重定向和转发的区别？

相同点

页面都会实现跳转

不同点

请求转发的时候，url不会产生变化

重定向时候，url地址栏会发生变化；

5、简单实现登录重定向

5.1登陆页面

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: xubainan
  Date: 2021/2/26
  Time: 12:15 下午
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登陆</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/loginCheck" method="get">
    username: <input type="text" name="username"> <br>
    password: <input type="password" name="password" autocomplete="false">
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

服务器接口

package com.myweb;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class LoginCheck extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //接收数据
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        //这里应该写判断用户名密码的业务逻辑。这就不写了。
        System.out.println(username+":"+password);
        //重定向
        resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath()+"/success.jsp");

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

Web.xml 和成功页面不写了。

BowenXu11

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08 JavaWeb - HttpServletResponse

HttpServletResponseweb服务器接收到客户端的http请求，针对这个请求，分别创建一个代表请求的HttpServletRequest对象，代表响应的一个HttpServletResponse；如果要获取客户端请求过来的参数：找HttpServletRequest如果要给客户端响应一些信息：找HttpServletResponse1、简单分类负责向浏览器发送数据的方法ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOExceptio
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