JDBC之第一个较为规范的JDBC程序

1、工具类的设计，设计成final，不被继承

package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

/**
 * Jdbc工具类
 */
public final class JdbcUtils {
	
	//省略localhost:3306
	private static String url = "jdbc:mysql:///jdbc";
	private static String username = "root";
	private static String password = "root";
	
	/**
	 * 构造器私用,防止直接创建对象,
	 * 当然通过反射可以创建
	 */
	private JdbcUtils(){
		
	}
	
	//保证只是注册一次驱动
	static{
		try {
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取连接
	 * @return
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
		return DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 释放资源
	 */
	public static void free(ResultSet rs, Statement st, Connection conn) {
		//规范的关系连接的方式
		try{
			if(rs != null) {
				rs.close();
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try{
				if(st != null) {
					st.close();
				}
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}finally {
				if(conn != null) {
					try {
						conn.close();
					} catch (SQLException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

2、主类中的代码

package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

/**
 * 第一个JDBC程序
 */
public class Base {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {
		template();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 比较严谨的实现方式
	 * @throws ClassNotFoundException 
	 * @throws SQLException 
	 */
	public static void template() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			//建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			
			//创建语句
			st = conn.createStatement();
			//执行语句
			rs = st.executeQuery("select * from user");
			//处理结果集
			while(rs.next()) {
				System.out.println(rs.getObject(1) + "\t" + rs.getObject(2) + "\t"
						+ rs.getObject(3) + "\t" + rs.getObject(4));
			}
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, st, conn);
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

1   zhangsan   2017-06-30 100.0

2   lisi   2017-06-06 200.0

3   wangwu 2017-05-30 300.0