springSecurity jwt 认证与鉴权及异常

如图红色框

 

 问题：

1.认证

1.1 什么是认证，什么时候认证，认证什么东西，怎么算成功，怎么算失败

1.2 认证失败怎么处理

1.3 与jwt关系

2.鉴权

1.1 什么是鉴权，如何鉴权，鉴权什么东西，怎么算成功，怎么算失败

1.2 鉴权失败怎么处理

1.3 与jwt关系

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答：

1.认证

1.1

什么是认证：就是验签（常规的签名，验签），根据token和秘钥secret解析jwt

什么时候：调用接口时需要传递token进行认证；

认证什么：校验用户名，操作用户是否是登录用户，token是不过期

失败：根据token反解jwt异常，如下

 private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
        Claims claims = null;
        try {
            claims = Jwts.parser()
                    .setSigningKey(secret)
                    .parseClaimsJws(token)
                    .getBody();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.info("JWT格式验证失败:{}", token, e);
        }
        return claims;
    }

1.2

调用接口，走jwt过滤器，因为无法根据token解析jwt，无法后续认证（用户名，过期），过掉这个调用链。需要自定义一个认证失败处理器。两种方式，见下

/**
 * 当未登录或者token失效访问接口时，自定义的返回结果
 */
@Component
public class RestAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
//public class RestAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
    @Override
    public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("application/json");
        response.getWriter().println(JSON.toJSONString(BaseResult.unauthorized(authException.getMessage())));
        response.getWriter().flush();
    }

//    @Override
//    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
//                    AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
//
//    }
}

1.3

在springSecurigy config加入 认证过滤器，以下代码为securityConfig

见：：：：//添加自定义未授权和未登录结果返回

2.鉴权

先说一下权限控制，有两种

1.返回有权限的菜单或按钮，不可见即没权限；2.看不见，如果直接调接口，无权限也无法访问

这里鉴权就是针对第二种情况

2.1 什么是鉴权：带token调某接口，该用户是否有权限

2.2 如何鉴权：纯security 与 jwt无关。也有关系，调接口都要走jwt过滤器，在过滤器中调用了渲染权限的接口，见 JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter

2.2.1 调接口时实时从数据库中取用户权限信息，放入security

2.2.2 在每一个接口上加权限注解 @PreAuthorize，标明当前接口权限 如：

    @Override
    @Bean
    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
        //获取登录用户信息
        return username -> {
            SysUser sysUser = sysUserService.getAdminByUsername(username);
            if (sysUser != null) {
                List<SysPermission> permissionList = sysUserService.getPermissionList(sysUser.getId());
                return new AdminUserDetails(sysUser, permissionList);
            }
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名或密码错误");
        };
    }

    @PreAuthorize("hasAuthority('product')")
    @GetMapping("myRoom")
    @ApiOperation("我的直播间")
    public BaseResult<ResTextLiveProgramVo> myChatRoom() {
	return textLiveProgrammeService.myChatRoom();
    }

怎么算成功，怎么算失败：security封装好了

1.2 鉴权失败怎么处理

以上工作完成后，无权限报错： 不允许访问，这是security封装的异常消息。我们可以自定义自己的无权限处理类

/**
 * 访问接口没有权限时，自定义的返回结果
 */
@Component
public class RestfulAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler{
    @Override
    public void handle(HttpServletRequest request,
                       HttpServletResponse response,
                       AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("application/json");
        response.getWriter().println(JSON.toJSONString(BaseResult.forbidden(e.getMessage())));
        response.getWriter().flush();
    }
}

1.3 与jwt关系

见上2.2，

        //添加自定义未授权和未登录结果返回
        httpSecurity.exceptionHandling()
                .accessDeniedHandler(restfulAccessDeniedHandler)
                .authenticationEntryPoint(restAuthenticationEntryPoint);

SecurityConfig

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled=true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    private ISysUserService sysUserService;
    @Autowired
    private RestfulAccessDeniedHandler restfulAccessDeniedHandler;
    @Autowired
    private RestAuthenticationEntryPoint restAuthenticationEntryPoint;

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {
        httpSecurity.csrf()// 由于使用的是JWT，我们这里不需要csrf
                .disable()
                .sessionManagement()// 基于token，所以不需要session
                .sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers(HttpMethod.GET, // 允许对于网站静态资源的无授权访问
                        "/",
                        "/*.html",
                        "/favicon.ico",
                        "/**/*.html",
                        "/**/*.css",
                        "/**/*.js",
                        "/swagger-resources/**",
                        "/v2/api-docs/**"
                )
                .permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/sys/user/login", "/sys/user/register")// 对登录注册要允许匿名访问
                .permitAll()
                .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS)//跨域请求会先进行一次options请求
                .permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/**")//测试时全部运行访问
                        .permitAll()
                .anyRequest()// 除上面外的所有请求全部需要鉴权认证
                .authenticated();
        // 禁用缓存
        httpSecurity.headers().cacheControl();
        // 添加JWT filter
        httpSecurity.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
        //添加自定义未授权和未登录结果返回
        httpSecurity.exceptionHandling()
                .accessDeniedHandler(restfulAccessDeniedHandler)
                .authenticationEntryPoint(restAuthenticationEntryPoint);
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService())
                .passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    }

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    @Bean
    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
        //获取登录用户信息
        return username -> {
            SysUser sysUser = sysUserService.getAdminByUsername(username);
            if (sysUser != null) {
                List<SysPermission> permissionList = sysUserService.getPermissionList(sysUser.getId());
                return new AdminUserDetails(sysUser, permissionList);
            }
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名或密码错误");
        };
    }

    @Bean
    public JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter(){
        return new JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter();
    }

    /**
     * 允许跨域调用的过滤器
     */
    @Bean
    public CorsFilter corsFilter() {
        UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
        CorsConfiguration config = new CorsConfiguration();
        config.addAllowedOrigin("*");
        config.setAllowCredentials(true);
        config.addAllowedHeader("*");
        config.addAllowedMethod("*");
        source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", config);
        FilterRegistrationBean<CorsFilter> bean = new FilterRegistrationBean<CorsFilter>(new CorsFilter(source));
        bean.setOrder(0);
        return new CorsFilter(source);
    }

    @Bean
    @Override
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }

}

JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter

public class JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter.class);
    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    @Autowired
    private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
    @Value("${jwt.tokenHeader}")
    private String tokenHeader;
    @Value("${jwt.tokenHead}")
    private String tokenHead;

    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
                                    HttpServletResponse response,
                                    FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String authHeader = request.getHeader(this.tokenHeader);
        if (authHeader != null && authHeader.startsWith(this.tokenHead)) {
            String authToken = authHeader.substring(this.tokenHead.length());// The part after "Bearer "
            String username = jwtTokenUtil.getUserNameFromToken(authToken);
            LOGGER.info("checking username:{}", username);
            if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
                UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
                if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(authToken, userDetails)) {
                    UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
                    authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
                    LOGGER.info("authenticated user:{}", username);
                    SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
                }
            }
        }
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }
}

 JwtTokenUtil

/**
 * JwtToken生成的工具类
 * JWT token的格式：header.payload.signature
 * header的格式（算法、token的类型）：
 * {"alg": "HS512","typ": "JWT"}
 * payload的格式（用户名、创建时间、生成时间）：
 * {"sub":"wang","created":1489079981393,"exp":1489684781}
 * signature的生成算法：
 * HMACSHA512(base64UrlEncode(header) + "." +base64UrlEncode(payload),secret)
 * Created by macro on 2018/4/26.
 */
@Component
public class JwtTokenUtil {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JwtTokenUtil.class);
    private static final String CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME = "sub";
    private static final String CLAIM_KEY_CREATED = "created";
    @Value("${jwt.secret}")
    private String secret;
    @Value("${jwt.expiration}")
    private Long expiration;

    /**
     * 根据负责生成JWT的token
     */
    private String generateToken(Map<String, Object> claims) {
        return Jwts.builder()
                .setClaims(claims)
                .setExpiration(generateExpirationDate())
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret)
                .compact();
    }

    /**
     * 从token中获取JWT中的负载
     */
    private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
        Claims claims = null;
        try {
            claims = Jwts.parser()
                    .setSigningKey(secret)
                    .parseClaimsJws(token)
                    .getBody();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.info("JWT格式验证失败:{}", token, e);
        }
        return claims;
    }

    /**
     * 生成token的过期时间
     */
    private Date generateExpirationDate() {
        return new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000);
    }

    /**
     * 从token中获取登录用户名
     */
    public String getUserNameFromToken(String token) {
        String username;
        try {
            Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
            username =  claims.getSubject();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            username = null;
        }
        return username;
    }

    /**
     * 验证token是否还有效
     *
     * @param token       客户端传入的token
     * @param userDetails 从数据库中查询出来的用户信息
     */
    public boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {
        String username = getUserNameFromToken(token);
        return username.equals(userDetails.getUsername()) && !isTokenExpired(token);
    }

    /**
     * 判断token是否已经失效
     */
    private boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
        Date expiredDate = getExpiredDateFromToken(token);
        return expiredDate.before(new Date());
    }

    /**
     * 从token中获取过期时间
     */
    private Date getExpiredDateFromToken(String token) {
        Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
        return claims.getExpiration();
    }

    /**
     * 根据用户信息生成token
     */
    public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
        Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>();
        claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME, userDetails.getUsername());
        claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_CREATED, new Date());
        return generateToken(claims);
    }

    /**
     * 判断token是否可以被刷新
     */
    public boolean canRefresh(String token) {
        return !isTokenExpired(token);
    }

    /**
     * 刷新token
     */
    public String refreshToken(String token) {
        Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
        claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_CREATED, new Date());
        return generateToken(claims);
    }
}