1.软件包分类:
source:源码,需要编译之后才可以使用
源码包
优点:开源,可以修改源码,可以自由切换功能,软件是通过编译安装的,稳定,效率高
缺点:安装步骤多,容易出现安装时间长,由于是编译安装,安装报错难以解决。
配置./configure-prefiex=/usr/local/python
make
make install
二进制包:.工业化生产--绿色的软件(相当于一个模块)、
bin二进制已近编译成功可以直接使用
【例1】:源码安装python3
将软件包拖入虚拟机
进行解压
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf Python-3.12.4.tgz
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg jdk-22_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz Python-3.12.4.tgz tom
apache-tomcat-10.1.25.tar.gz Python-3.12.4 todolist.jar
进行安装编译--在解压后的目录中找到confi
[root@localhost ~]# cd Python-3.12.4
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# ./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3124 //配置编译文件 prefiex--前置 =/usr/local--位置 python3124文件名
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# make
make:***没有指明目标并且找不到makefile。停止 解决措施
解决办法:缺少gcc依赖包因此需要下载gcc依赖包
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# yum -y install gcc
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# make
进行make install
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# make && make install
在/usr/local/python3.12 找到python3.12可执行文件
[root@localhost bin]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/python3124/
[root@localhost python3124]# ls
bin include lib share
[root@localhost python3124]# cd bin
[root@localhost bin]# ls
2to3 2to3-3.12 idle3 idle3.12 pydoc3 pydoc3.12 python3 python3.12 python3.12-config python3-config
[root@localhost bin]# ./py
pydoc3 pydoc3.12 python3 python3.12 python3.12-config python3-config
执行python3.12
[root@localhost bin]# ./python3.1
Python 3.12.4 (main, Jul 10 2024, 10:00:46) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
修改配置文件
[root@localhost bin]# vim /etc/profile
在最后一行export PATH=/usr/local/python3124/:$PATH
[root@localhost bin]# soure /etc/profile
2.网络配置
查看网卡信息
[root@localhost bin]# ifconfig
-bash: ifconfig: 未找到命令 解决办法: yum -y install net-tools
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.216.42 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.216.255
inet6 fe80::6487:64e7:954f:f84f prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:fa:8a:d9 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 28747 bytes 29654823 (28.2 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 15183 bytes 2819143 (2.6 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 580 bytes 50456 (49.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 580 bytes 50456 (49.2 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
添加网卡
如何禁用或重新激活网卡,以及修改IP地址
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens36 192.168.200.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 //修改网卡ens36的IP地址
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
ens36: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.200.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.200.255
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens36 down //临时停用IP地址
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens36 up
若停止则无法访问到:
4.hostname
临时修改hostname
[root@localhost ~]# hostname aa
[root@localhost ~]# hostname
aa
永久性修改hostname
方式1:
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hostname
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hostname
ll
方式2:
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname mm
查看本主机IP
[root@hostname ~]# hostname -i
【例二】安装:redis
1.下装源文件
[root@localhost ~]#wget https://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg jdk-22_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz Python-3.12.4.tgz redis-stable.tar.gz tom
apache-tomcat-10.1.25.tar.gz Python-3.12.4 redis-stable todolist.jar
2.解压文件
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xzvf redis-stable.tar.gz
3.将源文件移动到指定目录下可以使用mv 也可使用./configure
mv方式:
[root@localhost ~]# mv redis-stable /usr/local/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/
apache-tomcat-10.1.25 bin games jdk-22.0.1 lib64 python3124 sbin src
apache-tomcat-9.0.91 etc include lib libexec redis-stable share
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/redis-stable/
[root@localhost redis-stable]# ls
00-RELEASENOTES CONTRIBUTING.md INSTALL README.md runtest-cluster SECURITY.md tests
BUGS COPYING Makefile redis.conf runtest-moduleapi sentinel.conf TLS.md
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md deps MANIFESTO runtest runtest-sentinel src utils
4.进行make和 make && make install
[root@localhost redis-stable]# make && make install
【例三】 安装:MongoDB并进行简单的增删改查
1.
[root@hostname~]#wgethttps://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/7/mongodb-org/5.0/x86_64/RPMS/mongodb-org-server-5.0.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
--2024-07-10 15:45:05-- https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/7/mongodb-org/5.0/x86_64/RPMS/mongodb-org-server-5.0.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm正在解析主机 repo.mongodb.org (repo.mongodb.org)... 99.86.4.24, 99.86.4.66, 99.86.4.126, ...正在连接 repo.mongodb.org (repo.mongodb.org)|99.86.4.24|:443... 已连接。已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK长度:28762832 (27M)
正在保存至: “mongodb-org-server-5.0.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm”
100%[=======================================================================>] 28,762,832 268KB/s 用时 1m 50s
2024-07-10 15:47:05 (256 KB/s) - 已保存 “mongodb-org-server-5.0.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm” [28762832/28762832])
[root@hostname ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg jdk-22_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz Python-3.12.4.tgz tom
apache-tomcat-10.1.25.tar.gz mongodb-org-server-5.0.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm redis-stable.tar.gz
community Python-3.12.4 todolist.jar
[root@hostname ~]#
2.解压
[root@hostname ~]# tar -zxvf mongodb-org-server-5.0.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
gzip: stdin: not in gzip format
tar: Child returned status 1
tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now //但出现了错误 问题:下载的地址出错!!!
解决:自己在官网进行下载并拖拽至虚拟机
[root@hostname ~]# tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.3.tgz
3.将 mongodb移动到指定目录下
[root@hostname ~]# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.3 /usr/local
[root@hostname ~]# cd /usr/local
[root@hostname local]# ls
apache-tomcat-10.1.25 bin games jdk-22.0.1 lib64 mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.3 redis-stable share
apache-tomcat-9.0.91 etc include lib libexec python3124 sbin src
4.切换到指定目录下
[root@hostname local]# cd mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.3/
[root@hostname mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.3]#
5.对配置文件进行编辑
[root@hostname mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.3]# vim /etc/profile
[root@hostname mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.3]# source /etc/profile
[root@hostname mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.3]#
6.
vim /etc/mongodb.conf
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data/db
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/mongodb.log
logappend=true
fork=true
bind_ip=192.168.4.51
replSet=rs1(随便写)
进入 bin 目录 cd /usr/local/mongodb/bin/
启动 MongoDB(-conf 使用配置文件方式启动)
mongod -f /etc/mongodb.conf