XML文档

XML简介
xml是Extensible Markup Language的缩写，即可扩展标记语言，是一种简单的存储语言，使用一系列简单的标记来描述结构化数据

XML的特点

XML与操作系统、编程语言的开发平台都无关
规范统一，实现不同系统之间的数据交互
使用DOM读取XML数据
使用DOM解析XML文档的步骤：

---

创建解析器工厂对象，即DocumentBuilderFactory对象
由解析器工厂对象创建解析器对象，即DocumentBuilder对象
由解析器对象指定的XML文件进行解析，构建相应的DOM树，创建Document对象
以Document对象为起点对DOM树的节点进行增加、删除、修改、查询等操作

查询操作

package ch02.sl;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import java.io.IOException;


/**
* @version 2024-06-27
* @Author:T369曹任柱
*/
public class XMLParse {
Document doc=null;
public void getDocument(){
DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
try {
DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
doc= builder.parse("src/main/resources/Phone.xml");
}catch (ParserConfigurationException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (SAXException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void showInfo(){
NodeList nodeList=doc.getElementsByTagName("Brand");
for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
Node brand=nodeList.item(i);
Element brandEle= (Element) brand;
String brandStr=brandEle.getAttribute("name");
NodeList types=brandEle.getChildNodes();
for (int j = 0; j < types.getLength(); j++) {
Node type=types.item(j);
if(type.getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE){
Element typeEle= (Element) type;
String typeStr=typeEle.getAttribute("name");
System.out.println("手机："+brandStr+typeStr);
}
}
}
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
XMLParse parse = new XMLParse();;
parse.getDocument();
parse.showInfo();
}

}

修改添加删除操作

package ch02.sl;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.*;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

/**
* @version 2024-06-28
* @Author:T369曹任柱
*/
public class Maintenance {
Document doc = null;

public void getAddPhone() {
try {
//得到DOM解析器的工厂实例
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
//从DOM工厂获得DOM解析器
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
//解析XML文档,得到一个Document,即DOM树
Document doc = db.parse("src/main/resources/phone.xml");
//创建Brand节点
Element brandElement = doc.createElement("Brand");
brandElement.setAttribute("name", "三星");
//创建Type节点
Element typeElement = doc.createElement("Type");
typeElement.setAttribute("name", "NoteX");
//添加父子关系
brandElement.appendChild(typeElement);
Element phoneElement = (Element) doc.getElementsByTagName("PhoneInfo").item(0);
phoneElement.appendChild(brandElement);
//保存XML文件
TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer former = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(doc);
//设置编码类型
former.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "gb2312");
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(Files.newOutputStream(Paths.get("src/main/resources/phone.xml")));
//把DOM树转换为XML文件
former.transform(domSource, result);
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (TransformerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (SAXException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}

public void getUpdatePhone() {
try {
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
//从DOM工厂获得DOM解析器
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
//解析XML文档,得到一个Document,即DOM树
Document doc = db.parse("src/main/resources/phone.xml");
NodeList list = doc.getElementsByTagName("Brand");
for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
Element brandElement = (Element) list.item(i);
String brandName = brandElement.getAttribute("name");
//1.如果name属性为三星,则进行修改
if (brandName.equals("三星")) {
brandElement.setAttribute("name", "SAMSUNG"); //修改属性
//保存XML文件
TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer former = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(doc);
former.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "gb2312");
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(Files.newOutputStream(Paths.get("src/main/resources/phone.xml")));
//把DOM树转换为XML文件
former.transform(domSource, result);
//设置编码类型
}
}
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (SAXException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (TransformerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public void getDeletePhone() {
try {
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
//从DOM工厂获得DOM解析器
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
//解析XML文档,得到一个Document,即DOM树
Document doc = db.parse("src/main/resources/phone.xml");
NodeList list = doc.getElementsByTagName("Brand");
for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
Element brandElement = (Element) list.item(i);
String brandName = brandElement.getAttribute("name");
//1.如果name属性为SAMSUNG,则进行删除
if (brandName.equals("SAMSUNG")) {
brandElement.getParentNode().removeChild(brandElement);
//保存XML文件
TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer former = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(doc);
former.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "gb2312");
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(Files.newOutputStream(Paths.get("src/main/resources/phone.xml")));
//把DOM树转换为XML文件
former.transform(domSource, result);
//设置编码类型
}
}
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (SAXException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (TransformerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
Maintenance maintenance=new Maintenance();
maintenance.getDeletePhone();
}
}

DOM4J

package ch02.sl;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.Iterator;

/**
* @version 2024-06-28
* @Author:T369曹任柱
*/
public class DOM4JParse {
public static void main(String[] args) {
DOM4JParse dom4JParse=new DOM4JParse();
dom4JParse.showPhoneInfo();
}
public void showPhoneInfo(){
Document doc=null;
try {
SAXReader saxReader=new SAXReader();
doc=saxReader.read(new File("src/main/resources/phone.xml"));
} catch (DocumentException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
Element root=doc.getRootElement();
for (Iterator itBrand=root.elementIterator();itBrand.hasNext();){
Element brandEle= (Element) itBrand.next();
System.out.println("品牌："+brandEle.attributeValue("name"));
for (Iterator itType=brandEle.elementIterator();itType.hasNext();){
Element typeEle= (Element) itType.next();
System.out.println("\t型号："+typeEle.attributeValue("name"));
}
}
}
}