Mybatis初体验：一小时从入门到运行你的第一个应用

一、需求

• 通过mybatis查询数据库user表的所有记录，封装到User对象中，打印到控制台上。

二、开发步骤

1. 创建数据库及user表
2. 创建maven工程，导入依赖（MySQL驱动、mybatis、junit）
3. 编写User实体类
4. 编写UserMapper.xml映射配置文件（ORM思想）
5. 编写SqlMapConfig.xml核心配置文件 数据库环境配置 映射关系配置的引入(引入映射配置文件的路径)
6. 编写测试代码

• 加载核心配置文件
• 获取sqlSessionFactory工厂对象
• 获取sqlSession会话对象
• 执行sql
• 打印结果
• 释放资源

三、代码演示

1、创建user表

CREATE DATABASE `mybatis_db`;
USE `mybatis_db`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
 `id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `username` VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',
 `birthday` DATETIME DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日',
 `sex` CHAR(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
 `address` VARCHAR(256) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO USER(id,username,birthday,sex,address) VALUES (1,'张三','2024-01-01 00:00:00','男','北京'),(2,'李四','2023-01-01 00:00:00','男','上海');

2、工程中引入pom依赖

    <!--指定编码及版本-->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
        <java.version>1.11</java.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.11</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <!--引入相关依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--引入mybatis依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--引入mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--引入junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3、User实体类

对应sql表中字段名编写实体类，要求：

• 两边必须保持一致
• 必须有get/set方法

package pojo;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {

    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private Date birthday;
    private String sex;
    private String address;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}

4、UserMapper映射文件

在resources文件夹下创建UserMapper.xml文件，配置文件内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="user">
    <!--  查询所有用户  -->
    <select id="findAll" resultType="pojo.User">
        select *
        from user
    </select>
</mapper>

解析

5、Mybatis核心文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>
    <!--环境配置-->
    <environments default="mysql">
        <!--使用mysql环境-->
        <environment id="mysql">
            <!--使用jdbc事务管理亲-->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <!-- 使用连接池-->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///mybatis_db"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--加载映射配置-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="UserMapper.xml"></mapper>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

6、编写测试类

package test;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;
import pojo.User;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class MybatisTest {

    @Test
    public void test() throws IOException {
        //加载核心配置文件
        InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");

        //获取SqlSessionFactory工厂对象
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);

        //获取SqlSession会话对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        List<User> list = sqlSession.selectList("user.findAll");
        for (User user : list) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

        //释放资源
        sqlSession.close();


    }
}

7、测试结果