本文翻译自:How to run a shell script at startup
On an amazon linux instance, I have two scripts called start_my_app
and stop_my_app
which start and stop forever (which in turn runs my node.js app). 在亚马逊linux实例上,我有两个名为start_my_app
和stop_my_app
脚本,它们永远启动和停止(后者又运行我的node.js应用程序)。 I use these scripts to manually start and stop my node app. 我使用这些脚本手动启动和停止我的节点应用程序。 So far so good. 到现在为止还挺好。
My problem: I also want to set it up such that start_my_app
is run whenever the system boots up. 我的问题:我也想设置它, start_my_app
在系统启动时运行start_my_app
。 I know that I need to add a file inside init.d
and I know how to symlink it to the proper directory within rc.d
, but can't figure out what actually needs to go inside the file that I place in init.d
. 我知道我需要在init.d
添加一个文件,我知道如何将它符号链接到rc.d
的正确目录,但是无法弄清楚我在init.d
放置的文件中究竟需要什么。 。 I'm thinking it should be just one line, like, start_my_app
, but that hasn't been working for me. 我认为它应该只是一行,比如, start_my_app
,但这对我start_my_app
。
#1楼
参考:https://stackoom.com/question/sR4T/如何在启动时运行shell脚本
#2楼
A simple approach is to add a line in /etc/rc.local
: 一个简单的方法是在/etc/rc.local
添加一行:
/PATH/TO/MY_APP &
or if you want to run the command as a special user : 或者如果要以特殊用户身份运行该命令:
su - USER_FOOBAR -c /PATH/TO/MY_APP &
(the trailing ampersand backgrounds the process and allows the rc.local to continue executing) (尾随&符号表示进程并允许rc.local继续执行)
If you want a full init script, debian distro have a template file, so : 如果你想要一个完整的init脚本,debian发行版有一个模板文件,所以:
cp /etc/init.d/skeleton /etc/init.d/your_app
and adapt it a bit. 并适应它。
#3楼
In the file you put in /etc/init.d/
you have to set it executable with: 在您放入/etc/init.d/
的文件中,您必须将其设置为可执行文件:
chmod +x /etc/init.d/start_my_app
Thanks to @meetamit, if this does not run you have to create a symlink to /etc/rc.d/
感谢@meetamit,如果没有运行,你必须创建一个符号链接到/etc/rc.d/
ln -s /etc/init.d/start_my_app /etc/rc.d/
Please note that on latest Debian, this will not work as your script have to be LSB compliant (provide, at least, the following actions: start, stop, restart, force-reload, and status): https://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts 请注意,在最新的Debian上,这将不起作用,因为您的脚本必须符合LSB(至少提供以下操作:启动,停止,重新启动,强制重新加载和状态): https://wiki.debian .ORG / LSBInitScripts
As a note, you should put the absolute path of your script instead of a relative one, it may solves unexpected issues: 作为注释,您应该放置脚本的绝对路径而不是相对路径,它可以解决意外问题:
/var/myscripts/start_my_app
And don't forget to add on top of that file: 并且不要忘记在该文件的顶部添加:
#!/bin/sh
#4楼
if you want to put startup also you can use 如果你想放置启动也可以使用
first of all move your script /etc/init.d then chmod 777 /etc/init.d/your script name 首先移动你的脚本/etc/init.d然后chmod 777 /etc/init.d/你的脚本名称
after apply following command 应用以下命令后
update-rc.d your script defaults remove update-rc.d -f your script remove update-rc.d你的脚本默认删除update-rc.d -f你的脚本删除
at the startup you can see your app will run. 在启动时,您可以看到您的应用程序将运行。
#5楼
Another option is to have an @reboot command in your crontab. 另一个选择是在crontab中有一个@reboot命令。
Not every version of cron supports this, but if your instance is based on the Amazon Linux AMI then it will work. 并非每个版本的cron都支持此功能,但如果您的实例基于Amazon Linux AMI,那么它将起作用。
#6楼
This is the way I do it on red-hat systems 这是我在红帽系统上的方式
Put your script in /etc/init.d
, owned by root and executable. 将您的脚本放在/etc/init.d
,由root和可执行文件拥有。 At the top of the script, you can give a directive for chkconfig
. 在脚本的顶部,您可以为chkconfig
指定一个指令。 Example, the following script is used to start a java application as user oracle. 例如,以下脚本用于以用户oracle启动java应用程序。
The name of the script is /etc/init.d/apex
脚本的名称是/etc/init.d/apex
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 345 99 10
# description: auto start apex listener
#
case "$1" in
'start')
su - oracle -c "cd /opt/apex ; java -jar apex.war > logs/apex.log 2>logs/apex_error.log &";;
'stop')
echo "put something to shutdown or kill the process here";;
esac
this says that the script must run at levels 3, 4 and 5 and the priority for start/stop is 99 and 10. 这表示脚本必须在级别3,4和5运行,并且启动/停止的优先级为99和10。
then, as user root you can use chkconfig
to enable or disable the script at startup, 然后,作为root用户,您可以使用chkconfig
在启动时启用或禁用脚本,
chkconfig --list apex
chkconfig --add apex
and you can use service start/stop apex 你可以使用服务启动/停止顶点