如何在Vimdiff中展开/折叠差异部分？

本文翻译自：How to expand/collapse a diff sections in Vimdiff?

I've started using vimdiff today, and wanted to do some of the things that I've taken for granted on Windows based diff editors (like expand/collapse a diff section, have full file expansion/only diffs with 3 context lines above or below, etc.). 我今天开始使用vimdiff了，并希望在基于Windows的差异编辑器上做一些我认为理所当然的事情（比如扩展/折叠差异部分，有完整的文件扩展/只有差异，上面有3个上下文行或者以下等）。 I currently know only the following commands : 我目前只知道以下命令：

Keyboard Shortcuts: 键盘快捷键：

• d o - Get changes from other window into the current window. d o - 从其他窗口更改到当前窗口。

• d p - Put the changes from current window into the other window. d p - 将当前窗口中的更改放入另一个窗口。

• ] c - Jump to the next change. ] c - 跳转到下一个更改。

• [ c - Jump to the previous change. [ c - 跳转到之前的更改。

• CTRL + W , w - Switch to the other split window ( CTRL + W , CTRL + W does the same thing, in case you let go of the CTRL key a bit later) CTRL + W ， w - 切换到另一个分割窗口（ CTRL + W ， CTRL + W执行相同的操作，以防稍后松开CTRL键）

Could someone point me to the right direction so I could replicate similar features? 有人能指出我正确的方向，所以我可以复制类似的功能吗？

It would be nice if I could expand/collapse lines around the diffs, for example. 例如，如果我可以扩展/折叠差异周围的线条会很好。

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#1楼

参考：https://stackoom.com/question/mbSr/如何在Vimdiff中展开-折叠差异部分

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#2楼

Actually if you do Ctrl+WW , you won't need to add that extra Ctrl . 实际上如果你做Ctrl+WW ，你不需要添加额外的Ctrl 。 Does the same thing. 做同样的事情。

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#3楼

set vimdiff to ignore case 设置vimdiff忽略大小写

Having started vim diff with 开始使用vim diff

 gvim -d main.sql backup.sql &

I find that annoyingly one file has MySQL keywords in lowercase the other uppercase showing differences on practically every other line 我发现令人讨厌的是，一个文件的MySQL关键字是小写的，另一个是大写的，显示了几乎所有其他行的差异

:set diffopt+=icase

this updates the screen dynamically & you can just as easily switch it off again 这会动态更新屏幕，您可以轻松地再次关闭它

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#4楼

ctrl + w, w as mentioned can be used for navigating from pane to pane. 如上所述，ctrl + w，w可用于从窗格导航到窗格。

Now you can select a particular change alone and paste it to the other pane as follows.Here I am giving an eg as if I wanted to change my piece of code from pane 1 to pane 2 and currently my cursor is in pane1 现在，您可以单独选择一个特定的更改并将其粘贴到另一个窗格，如下所示。我正在给出一个例如，好像我想将我的代码片段从窗格1更改为窗格2，目前我的光标位于pane1

• Use Shift-v to highlight a line and use up or down keys to select the piece of code you require and continue from step 3 written below to paste your changes in the other pane. 使用Shift-v突出显示一行，然后使用向上或向下键选择所需的代码段，并从下面的步骤3继续将更改粘贴到另一个窗格中。

• Use visual mode and then change it 使用可视模式，然后更改它

  1 click 'v' this will take you to visual mode 2 use up or down key to select your required code 3 click on ,Esc' escape key 4 Now use 'yy' to copy or 'dd' to cut the change 5 do 'ctrl + w, w' to navigate to pane2 6 click 'p' to paste your change where you require 1单击“v”这将带您进入可视模式2使用向上或向下键选择所需的代码3单击，Esc'转义键4现在使用'yy'复制或'dd'切换更改5 do' ctrl + w，w'导航到pane2 6单击“p”将您的更改粘贴到您需要的位置

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#5楼

Aside from the ones you mention, I only use frequently when diffing the following: 除了你提到的那些之外，我只是在分析以下内容时经常使用：

• :diffupdate :diffu -> recalculate the diff, useful when after making several changes vim's isn't showing minimal changes anymore. :diffupdate :diffu - >重新计算diff，在进行多次更改后很有用vim不再显示最小的更改。 Note that it only works if the files have been modified inside vimdiff. 请注意，只有在vimdiff中修改了文件后，它才有效。 Otherwise, use: 否则，使用：
  • :e to reload the files if they have been modified outside of vimdiff. :e如果文件已在vimdiff之外修改，则重新加载文件。
• :set noscrollbind -> temporarily disable simultaneous scrolling on both buffers, reenable by :set scrollbind and scrolling. :set noscrollbind - >暂时禁用两个缓冲区上的同时滚动，重新启用:set scrollbind和scrolling。

Most of what you asked for is folding: vim user manual's chapter on folding . 您要求的大多数是折叠： vim用户手册关于折叠的章节 。 Outside of diffs I sometime use: 在差异之外，我有时会使用：

• zo -> open fold. zo - >打开折叠。
• zc -> close fold. zc - >关闭折叠。

But you'll probably be better served by: 但你可能会更好地服务于：

• zr -> reducing folding level. zr - >降低折叠水平。
• zm -> one more folding level, please. zm - >请多一个折叠级别。

or even: 甚至：

• zR -> Reduce completely the folding, I said!. zR - >完全减少折叠，我说！
• zM -> fold Most!. zM - >折叠最多！

The other thing you asked for, use n lines of folding, can be found at the vim reference manual section on options , via the section on diff : 您要求的另一件事，使用n行折叠，可以在选项的vim参考手册部分找到，通过diff部分 ：

• set diffopt=<TAB> , then update or add context:n . set diffopt=<TAB> ，然后更新或添加context:n 。

You should also take a look at the user manual section on diff . 您还应该查看diff上的用户手册部分 。