fstream::good

if(a.fail())

if(!a.good())

if(!a)

 

(1) fstream::fail

true if either the badbit or the failbit is set

bool fail() const
{ return (this->rdstate() & (badbit | failbit)) != 0; }

(2) fstream::good

true if no error flags are set

bool    good() const
{ return this->rdstate() == 0; }

 

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