【网络编程】多路I/O转接服务器之poll

最近学习网络编程相关，学习资源在b站搜索【linux网络编程】。本文章记录相关学习心得。

相关API

#include <poll.h>
int poll(struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int timeout);
    struct pollfd {
        int fd; /* 文件描述符 */
        short events; /* 监控的事件 */
        short revents; /* 监控事件中满足条件返回的事件 */
    };
    POLLIN        普通或带外优先数据可读,即POLLRDNORM | 
    POLLOUT       普通或带外数据可写
    POLLERR       发生错误
    nfds           监控数组中有多少文件描述符需要被监控
    timeout        毫秒级等待
        -1：阻塞等，#define INFTIM -1               Linux中没有定义此宏
        0：立即返回，不阻塞进程
        >0：等待指定毫秒数，如当前系统时间精度不够毫秒，向上取值

思路
与之前select非常相似，不同的是poll可以突破1024的文件描述符上限，将传入传出的状态分离，还通过结构体将监测的文件描述符及其状态和返回状态封装。

代码

#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h> // sockaddr_in
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <errno.h>

#define PORT 6666
#define OPEN_MAX 1024

int main() {
	int listen_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (listen_fd < 0) printf("socket error\n");
	struct sockaddr_in ser_addr;
	bzero(&ser_addr, sizeof(ser_addr));
	
	ser_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	ser_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
	ser_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
	
	int opt = 1;
	setsockopt(listen_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));
	
	int ret = bind(listen_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&ser_addr, sizeof(ser_addr));
	if (ret < 0) printf("bind error\n");
	listen(listen_fd, 128);
	
	struct pollfd cli[OPEN_MAX];
	cli[0].fd = listen_fd;
	cli[0].events = POLLIN;
	int maxi = 0;
	
	for (int i = 1; i < OPEN_MAX; i++) {
		cli[i].fd = -1;
	}
	
	struct sockaddr_in cli_addr;
	bzero(&cli_addr, sizeof(cli_addr));
	socklen_t cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr);
	
	char buf[BUFSIZ];
	int nready;
	int connect_fd;
	char ip[BUFSIZ];
	
	while(1) {
		nready = poll(cli, maxi + 1, -1);
		if ((cli[0].revents) & POLLIN) {
			connect_fd = accept(listen_fd, (struct sockaddr*) &cli_addr, &cli_len);
			if(connect_fd < 0) printf("accept error\n");
			printf("client ip: %s, port : %d\n", 
				inet_ntop(AF_INET, &cli_addr.sin_addr.s_addr, ip, sizeof(ip)), 
				ntohs(cli_addr.sin_port));
			int i;
			for (i = 0; i < OPEN_MAX; i++) {
				if (cli[i].fd == -1) {
					cli[i].fd = connect_fd;
					cli[i].events = POLLIN;
					if (i > maxi) maxi = i;
					break;
				}
			}
			if (i == OPEN_MAX) printf("too many clients.\n"); 
			if (--nready <= 0) continue; //
		}
		for (int i = 1; i <= maxi; i++) {
			if (cli[i].revents & POLLIN) {
				int socket_fd = cli[i].fd;
				int n = read(socket_fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
				if (n < 0) {
					if (errno == ECONNRESET) {
						printf("cli abort connection\n");
						close(socket_fd);
						cli[i].fd = -1;
					}
					else {
						printf("read error\n");
					}
				} else if (n == 0) {
					close(socket_fd);
					cli[i].fd = -1;
				} else {
					for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
						buf[j] = toupper(buf[j]);
					}
					write(socket_fd, buf, n);
					write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, n);
				}
				if (--nready <= 0) break; //
				
			}
		}
	}
	close(listen_fd);
	return 0;
}