Linux 安装 ftp

一、安装FTP软件

1、用root 进入系统

2、使用命令 rpm -qa|grep vsftpd 查看系统是否安装了ftp，若安装了vsftp，使用这个命令会在屏幕上显示vsftpd的版本

3、使用命令rpm -e vsftpd 即可卸载ftp

4、再使用rpm -qa|grep vsftpd 查看系统是否已删除ftp，若删除成功，屏幕上显示vsftpd的版本
安装vsftpd

二、查看是否已经安装vsftpd
rpm -qa | grep vsftpd

如果没有，就安装，并设置开机启动
yum -y install vsftpd
chkconfig vsftpd on
管理vsftpd相关命令：

启动vsftpd: service vsftpd start
停止vsftpd: service vsftpd stop
重启vsftpd: service vsftpd restart
vsftpd状态: service vsftpd status

三、FTP用户管理
创建FTP用户并指定分组和主目录

useradd -d /data/ftp -s /sbin/nologin -g ftp -G root ftpadmin

解析：
useradd 添加用户ftpadmin
-d 指定用户根目录为/data/ftp
-s 指定shell脚本为/sbin/nologin，表示不允许shell登录
-g 创建分组ftp
-G 指定root分组
PS：创建有问题可以删除重新创建 userdel -r ftpadmin

设定密码
passwd ftpadmin

设置访问权限
chown ftpadmin /data/ftp

开放所有权限
chmod 777 /data/ftp

配置vsftpd

1.默认的配置文件是/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf，你可以用文本编辑器打开。
vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

2.添加ftp用户

下面是添加ftpuser用户，设置根目录为/home/wwwroot/ftpuser,禁止此用户登录SSH的权限，并限制其访问其它目录。
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

改为
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

3、编辑文件chroot_list:
vi /etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

内容为ftp用户名,每个用户占一行,如：
ftpadmin
abc

4、超时设置(可以不设置使用默认的)
idle_session_timeout=2400 #空闲连接超时时间40分钟
data_connection_timeout=120 #数据传输超时时间2分钟

5、用户连接选项(可以不设置，使用默认的)
max_clients=100 #可接受的最大client数目
max_per_ip=10 #每个ip的最大client数目

6、重新启动vsftpd
service vsftpd restart

ftp://ip  访问ftp

配置：

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
#local_root=/home/ftptext
local_enable=YES

#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=000
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains
# the behaviour when these options are disabled.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=NO
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES