【网络】（四）网络相关函数使用简介

1、getsockname

用于获取自己的ip和端口

使用举例：

    struct sockaddr_in localaddr;
    socklen_t len = sizeof(localaddr);
    memset(&localaddr,0,sizeof(localaddr));

    //获取自己的ip和端口
    if(getsockname(sk_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&localaddr,&len) == -1)
        handle_error("getsockname");
    printf("localaddr ip = %s\tport = %d\n",inet_ntoa(localaddr.sin_addr),ntohs(localaddr.sin_port));

2、getpeername

根据已连接的套接字，获取对等方地址信息

使用举例

    //获取对等方地址信息
    struct sockaddr_in peeraddr;
    socklen_t leng = sizeof(peeraddr);
    memset(&peeraddr,0,sizeof(peeraddr));
    if(getpeername(sk_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&peeraddr,&leng) == -1)
        handle_error("getpeername");
    printf("peeraddr ip = %s\tport = %d\n",inet_ntoa(peeraddr.sin_addr),ntohs(peeraddr.sin_port));

3、gethostname

获取当前主机名，该名字常用于给其他函数做参数

使用举例

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define handle_error(msg) \
                    do{perror(msg);exit(EXIT_FAILURE);}while(0)

int main()
{
    char hostname[64] = {0};
    if(gethostname(hostname,sizeof(hostname)) == -1)
        handle_error("gethostname");
    printf("hostname = %s\n", hostname);
    return 0;
}

4、gethostbyname

通过主机名，获取主机的ip地址

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>


#define handle_error(msg) \
                    do{perror(msg);exit(EXIT_FAILURE);}while(0)

int main()
{
    struct hostent *host = gethostbyname("www.baidu.com");
    if(host == NULL)
      handle_error("gethostbyname");


    printf("h_name = %s\n", host->h_name);
    int i = 0;
    while(host->h_aliases[i] != NULL)
    {
      printf("h_aliases = %s\n", host->h_aliases[i]);
      ++i;
    }
    if(host->h_addrtype == AF_INET)
      printf("h_addrtype = AF_INET\n");
    else if(host->h_addrtype == AF_INET6)
      printf("h_addrtype = AF_INET6\n");
    printf("h_length = %d\n", host->h_length);

    i = 0;
    while(host->h_addr_list[i] != NULL)
    {
      printf("ip = %s\n",inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)host->h_addr_list[i]));
      ++i;
    }

    return 0;
}