- 核心思想,快慢指针
- 图
- 如图所示:快慢指针最开始都在同一个位置,进入环之后,快慢总会相遇,
相遇之后跳出循环,此时slow和fast指向同一个位置,基于此寻找相遇节点:在上述例子中,slaw和fast节点在e节点处相遇,此时将slow或者fast(slow==fast,选谁都可)指向头节点,此时同时向后续遍历,相遇时的节点即为环的入口节点
实现代码如下,本地运行pass
#include<iostream>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<time.h>
using namespace std;
//单链表的实现
struct ListNode{
ListNode(int data=0):data(data),next(nullptr){};
int data;
ListNode *next;
};
class Clink{
public:
Clink(){
head = new ListNode();
}
~Clink(){
//节点的释放
}
public:
//链表的尾插法实现
void InsertTail(int val){
//先找到链表的尾节点
ListNode *p = head;
while(p->next!=nullptr){
p=p->next;
}
//生成新节点
ListNode *q = new ListNode(val);
p->next = q;
}
//链表的头插法
void InsertHead(int val){
//新建要插入的节点
ListNode *q = new ListNode(val);
//新建节点q指向头节点指向的next,
q->next = head->next;
//头节点指向新建节点
head->next = q;
}
void show(){
ListNode *p = head->next;
while(p!=nullptr){
cout<<p->data<<" ";
p=p->next;
}
cout<<endl;
}
private:
ListNode *head;
ListNode *tail;
friend bool HaveLoop0(Clink &link,int &val);
friend int main();
};
//判断链表是否有环并且输出入口节点
bool HaveLoop0(Clink &link,int &val){
ListNode *slow = link.head;
ListNode *fast = link.head;
while(fast!=nullptr && fast->next!=nullptr){
slow=slow->next;
fast=fast->next->next;
if(fast==slow){
fast = link.head;
while(fast!=slow){
slow=slow->next;
fast=fast->next;
}
val = slow->data;
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
bool HaveLoop1(ListNode *Node,int &val){
ListNode *slow = Node;
ListNode *fast = Node;
while(fast!=nullptr && fast->next!=nullptr){
slow=slow->next;
fast=fast->next->next;
if(fast==slow){
fast = Node;
while(fast!=slow){
slow=slow->next;
fast=fast->next;
}
val = slow->data;
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
int main(){
Clink link1;
ListNode Node;
ListNode n1(1),n2(2),n3(3),n4(10),n5(12);
Node.next = &n1;
link1.head = &n1;
n1.next = &n2;
n2.next = &n3;
n3.next = &n4;
n4.next = &n5;
n5.next = &n2;
int val = INT_MIN;
if(HaveLoop0(link1,val)){
cout<<"环节点入口值 = "<<val<<endl;
}
if(HaveLoop1(&Node,val)){
cout<<"环节点入口值 = "<<val<<endl;
}
}
实现两种方法,
- 一种是传递类的实例化对象进去,进入取对象的成员变量head对slow赋值
- 传递指针进去
- 都传递形参进去,修改后返回直接得到相遇节点的值
- 知识点:形参,对象,指针