Servlet基础知识

Servlet基础知识

将Servlet的模板进行修改，可以更加方便的书写Servlet方法。
按图找到修改的位置

将如下的代码模板粘贴进去：

#if (${PACKAGE_NAME} && ${PACKAGE_NAME} != "")package ${PACKAGE_NAME};#end
#parse("File Header.java")
@javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet("/${Entity_Name}")
public class ${Class_Name} extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, java.io.IOException {
        
    }

    protected void doGet(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, java.io.IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);    
    }
}

这样我们就可以直接在doPost里面书写所有的方法，如果有doGet请求，它会自动跳转到doPost里面。
一、Servlet的注释。

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;


//@WebServlet("/test01")//将访问的域名改为test01
//输入集合内的任意一个域名都可以访问到该页面
//@WebServlet({"/test01","/test02","/test03"})
//*代表所有，即输入任意字符都可以访问到该页面
//@WebServlet("/*")
//规定在任意字符后加上 .yahu都可以访问到该页面，点后面的字符可以为任意字符，如 .baidu  .henan等等
//@WebServlet("/*.yahu")
//带层级的注解，必须按照这个顺序全部书写才能访问
@WebServlet("/day01/test01")
public class Servlet_test01 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("测试Servlet的注解配置");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

二、一些Servlet基本方法的应用

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/test03")
public class Servlet_03 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        System.out.println("http请求数据格式");
//        System.out.println(request);
//        获取请求行信息
//        1.获取请求方法
        String method = request.getMethod();
        System.out.println("请求方式是："+method);

//        2.获取虚拟目录
        String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
        System.out.println("虚拟目录："+contextPath);

//        3.获取servlet的路径
        String servletPath = request.getServletPath();
        System.out.println("获取到servlet的路径:"+servletPath);

//        4.获得get请求的参数
        String queryString = request.getQueryString();
        System.out.println("get请求的参数是:"+queryString);

//        5.获取URI，URL
        String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
        System.out.println("获取的URI:"+requestURI);
        StringBuffer requestURL = request.getRequestURL();
        System.out.println("获取的URL:"+requestURL);

        //       6.获取协议和版本信息
        String protocol = request.getProtocol();
        System.out.println("获取到的版本信息："+protocol);

//        7.获取ip地址
        String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
        System.out.println("获取到的请求地址是:"+remoteAddr);

    }




    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

三、请求体的一些基本方法

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;

@WebServlet("/test04")
public class Servlet_test04 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

//        获取请求头数据
        String referer = request.getHeader("referer");
        System.out.println("来源："+referer);

//      获取所有请求头名字
        Enumeration<String> names = request.getHeaderNames();
        while(names.hasMoreElements()){
            String name = names.nextElement();
            System.out.println("请求头名称："+name);
            String value = request.getHeader(name);
            System.out.println(name+"------"+value);
        }
//        获取post请求的请求体
        BufferedReader reader = request.getReader();
        String s =null;
        while ((s=reader.readLine())!=null){
            System.out.println(s);
        }

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}