gzip压缩笔记

gzip

一种压缩格式,一种压缩方式,可以对网络传输的数据进行压缩.减少网络传输的大小

• 为什么需要压缩?

  • 减少体积,提高传输速度,提高用户体验

• 浏览器发送器请求的过程?

  • 1.发送请求头:Accept-Encoding:gzip
  • 2.服务器压缩数据,返回数据,在响应头里面添加Content-Encoding:gzip
  • 3.客户端,根据Content-Encoding这个响应头,对应解压
    
    • 有Content-Encoding:gzip–>gzip解压
    • 没有Content-Encoding:gzip–>标准解压
• app使用gzip压缩
  
  • 返回的json/xml(文本信息)其实就是个特殊的网页,其实也是可以进行gzip压缩

gzip压缩效果

通过数据,我们得知,文本的压缩率,大概可以达到70%左右.压缩率很高;

gzip压缩的实现

try {
        boolean isGzip = false;
        //1.创建httpclient
        DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        //2.创建get请求
        HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://httpbin.org/gzip");
        //① 添加请求头 Accept-Encoding:"gzip, deflate"
        get.addHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");
        //3.执行请求
        HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
        if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
            //② 得到响应头,Content-Encoding:"gzip"
            Header[] headers = response.getHeaders("Content-Encoding");
            for (Header header : headers) {
                if (header.getValue().equals("gzip")) {//后台server把数据进行了gzip压缩
                    isGzip = true;
                }
            }
            String result = "";
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            //③根据是否使用gzip压缩.采取不同的解压方式
            if (isGzip) {
                //④进行gzip的解压
                GZIPInputStream in = new GZIPInputStream(response.getEntity().getContent());
                //in-->string
                result = convertStreamToString(in);
            } else {
                //4.打印结果
                result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
            }
            System.out.println("result:" + result);
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

测试请求的地址

http://httpbin.org

安卓中对gzip的请求与处理完整代码：

MainActivity:

package com.lqr.zipdemo;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;

import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

/**
 * @author CSDN_LQR
 * @工程 7ZipDemo 
 * @包名 com.lqr.zipdemo
 * @TODO 请求一个支持gzip的网址后，进行gzip解压
 */
public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        init7Zip();
    }

    private void init7Zip() {
        findViewById(R.id.btnGzip).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new Thread() {
                    public void run() {

                        // 是否使用了gzip压缩
                        boolean isGzip = false;
                        try {
                            // 初始化httpClient对象
                            DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();

                            // 初始化httpGet对象(这是一个支持gzip压缩的网址)
                            HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://httpbin.org/gzip");

                            // 1.发送请求头：Accept-Encoding:gzip
                            get.addHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");

                            // 发起请求
                            HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);

                            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {

                                // 2.取的响应头`Content-Encoding`,判断是否包含Content-Encoding:gzip
                                Header[] headers = response
                                        .getHeaders("Content-Encoding");
                                for (Header header : headers) {
                                    if (header.getValue().equals("gzip")) {
                                        isGzip = true;
                                    }
                                }

                                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                                String result = "";

                                // 3.相应的gzip解压，不解压会乱码
                                if (isGzip) {
                                    InputStream is = entity.getContent();
                                    GZIPInputStream gis = new GZIPInputStream(
                                            is);
                                    // inputStream-->string
                                    result = convertStreamToString(gis);
                                } else {// 标准解压
                                    result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
                                }

                                System.out.println(result);
                            }

                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            // TODO
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    };
                }.start();
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 将输入流转成String
     * 
     * @param is
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String convertStreamToString(InputStream is)
            throws IOException {
        try {
            if (is != null) {
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                String line;
                try {
                    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
                            new InputStreamReader(is, "utf-8"));
                    // BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new
                    // InputStreamReader(is));
                    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                        // sb.append(line);
                        sb.append(line).append("\n");
                    }
                } finally {
                    is.close();
                }
                return sb.toString();
            } else {
                return "";
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return "";
        }

    }
}

activity_main.xml:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnGzip"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="7zip" />

</LinearLayout>