windows_socket_易忘函数

#define INVALID_SOCKET (SOCKET)(~0)
#define SOCKET_ERROR -1
/*
socket();创建函数失败返回INVALID_SOCKET,其他socket函数失败返回SOCKET_ERROR;
*/
inet_ntoa();
inet_addr();
/*
实现网络地址和“.”间隔的字符串地址之间的转换：
unsigned long ulAddr = inet_addr("192.168.1.250");
char* pAddr = inet_ntoa(*(in_addr*)(&ulAddr));
*/
ntohs();
/*
将端口从网路字节顺序转换为主机字节顺序；
*/
nRead = recv();
/*
该函数返回值为0时，说明此时客户端关闭了连接；
错误处理:
if (SOCKET_ERROR == nReadLen)
{
int nErrCode = WSAGetLastError(); //获取错误代码
if(WSAENOTCONN == nErrCode)
{
//the socket is not connected
}else if(WSAESHUTDOWN == nErrCode)
{
//the socket has been shut down
}else if(WSAETIMEDOUT == nErrCode)
{
//the connection has been dropped
}else if(WSAECONNRESET == nErrCode)
{
//the virtual circuit was reset by the remote side
}else
{
//....
}
}
*/
nSend = send();
/*
错误处理
if(SOCKET_ERROR == nSend)
{
int nErrCode = WSAGetLastError(); //获取错误代码
if(WSAENOTCONN == nErrCode)
{
//the socket is not connected
}else if(WSAESHUTSOEN == nErrCode)
{
//the socket has been shut down
}else if(WSAETIMEDOUT == nErrCode)
{
//the connection has been dropped
}else
{
//.....
}
}
*/
bind();
listen();
accept();
/*
绑定、监听、接受连接失败，要记得关闭套接字
*/
服务器端，退出时，要先关闭监听套接字，再关闭连接客户端套接字；
gethostname();
//获的主机的名字
gethostbyname();
/*以gethostname()返回的主机名字为参数调用gethostbyname()，返回hostent结构指针，
其中保存了主机的地址。另外，获得hostent结构的方法：
使用inet_addr()函数的返回值作为参数调用gethostbyaddr()函数；
*/