try-catch-finally需要注意的点,超详细讲解附代码演示

try-catch-finally需要注意的点

1. try不能单独存在！必须至少搭配一个catch或者finally
2. 如果有finally，即便try或者catch,return，在return之前还是会先走finally里面代码
3. 如果对于基本数据类型，如果在try里面比如把i修改为2，然后return i, 然后再finally里面我们又操作i=3，此时返回的是i=2；因为return要返回的值在finally执行之前会拷贝一份
4. 但是如果finally里面修改完之后也return了，那么就会被覆盖掉了
5. 对于引用类型变量，如果我们同时在try和finally里面修改某个属性，那么这个修改会被覆盖，但是如果我们同时在try和finally里面new了一个对象，并且赋给原对象，同理，返回的是try里面的引用变量
6. 并不是说finally一定会执行
   • 代码流程并未进入try语句块
   • 使用了 System.exit(int) 退出程序
   • 程序所在的线程死亡(干扰中断，或者程序外部kill该线程，或者是意外中止)

对于2，3，4，5下面附上代码演示，相信大家一看就懂

package com.cx330;

@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class Collection01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {


        /*基本数据类型*/
        System.out.println(foo1());//res=>2
        System.out.println(foo2());//res=>3
        System.out.println(foo3());//res=>4
        System.out.println(foo4());//res=>3

        /*引用数据类型*/
        Student student = new Student(18, "Cx330");
        System.out.println(foo5(student));//Student{age=19, name='Cx332'}

        Student student2 = new Student(18, "Cx330");
        System.out.println(foo6(student2));//Student{age=20, name='Cx333'}

        Student student3 = new Student(18, "Cx330");
        System.out.println(foo7(student3));//Student{age=22, name='Cx334'}

    }

    public static int foo1() {
        int i = 1;
        try {
            i = 2;
            return i;
        } finally {
            i = 3;
            return i;
        }
    }

    public static int foo2() {
        int i = 1;
        try {
            i = 2;
            return i;
        } finally {
            i = 3;
            return i;
        }
    }

    public static int foo3() {
        int i = 1;
        try {
            i = 2;
            int c = 4 / 0;
            return i;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            i = 4;
            return i;
        } finally {
            i = 3;
        }
    }

    public static int foo4() {
        int i = 1;
        try {
            i = 2;
            int c = 4 / 0;
            return i;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            i = 4;
            return i;
        } finally {
            i = 3;
            return i;
        }
    }

    public static Student foo5(Student stu) {
        try {
            stu.age = 17;
            stu.name = "Cx331";
            return stu;
        } finally {
            stu.age = 19;
            stu.name = "Cx332";
        }
    }

    public static Student foo6(Student stu) {
        try {
            Student student = new Student(20, "Cx333");
            stu = student;
            return stu;
        } finally {
            Student student = new Student(22, "Cx334");
            stu = student;
        }
    }

    public static Student foo7(Student stu) {
        try {
            Student student = new Student(20, "Cx333");
            stu = student;
            return stu;
        } finally {
            Student student = new Student(22, "Cx334");
            stu = student;
            return stu;
        }
    }
}


class Student {
    Integer age;
    String name;

    public Student(Integer age, String name) {
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}