数据库学习(3) - 数据库工具(基于注解实现数据库的连接,以及简单的记录插入、查询、删除、修改操作)

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关于注解

关于注解

某个类与其对应数据库表的映射关系用注解来表示

表注解

应用于类,在使用该注解时其属性 name 必须赋值

package com.mec.orm.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Table {
	String name();
}

关键字注解

作用于类的成员,来表明该成员是否对应表中的关键字
如果该成员含有这个注解,则表明该成员所对应的字段为该表的关键字

package com.mec.orm.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Key {
	
}

字段注解

字段名默认为空串,如果类的成员名与字段名相同则不需要重新给column属性赋值

package com.mec.orm.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Column {
	String column() default "";
}

关于数据库工具

PropertyColumn 类

该类主要处理字段与其对应类的成员的关系

package com.mec.orm.core;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class PropertyColumn {
	private String column;
	private Field field;
	
	public PropertyColumn() {
	}
	
	public void setProperty(ResultSet resultSet,Object obj) {
		try {
			Object value = resultSet.getObject(column);
			field.setAccessible(true); 
			field.set(obj, value);     
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public String getColumn() {
		return column;
	}

	public void setColumn(String column) {
		this.column = column;
	}

	public Field getField() {
		return field;
	}

	public void setField(Field field) {
		this.field = field;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return column + "< - >" + field;
	}
	
}

ClassTable类

该类主要处理某个类与其对应表的关系

package com.mec.orm.core;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ClassTable {
	private Class<?> klass;
	private String table;
	private List<PropertyColumn> fieldList;
	private PropertyColumn id;
	
	ClassTable() {
		fieldList = new ArrayList<>();
	}
	
	void setFieldFromResultSet(ResultSet resultset,Object obj) {
		for(PropertyColumn field : fieldList) {
			field.setProperty(resultset, obj);
		}
	}
		
	void addProperty(PropertyColumn property) {
		fieldList.add(property);
	}
	
	Class<?> getKlass() {
		return klass;
	}

	void setKlass(Class<?> klass) {
		this.klass = klass;
	}

	String getTable() {
		return table;
	}

	void setTable(String table) {
		this.table = table;
	}

	List<PropertyColumn> getFieldList() {
		return fieldList;
	}

	void setFieldList(List<PropertyColumn> fieldList) {
		this.fieldList = fieldList;
	}

	PropertyColumn getId() {
		return id;
	}

	void setId(PropertyColumn id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	String getIdString() {
		return table + "." + id.getColumn();
	}
	
	String getColumnString() {
		StringBuffer res = new StringBuffer();
		
		boolean first = true;
		for(PropertyColumn field : fieldList) {
			res.append(first ? "" : ", ")
		    	.append(table).append(".") 
			    .append(field.getColumn());
			first = false;
		}
		return res.toString();
	}
	
	int getfieldCount() {
		return fieldList.size();
	}
	
	@Override
	// 便于测试
	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer res = new StringBuffer("类");
		
		res.append(klass.getName()).append('\n')
				.append("表:").append(table).append('\n');
		
		for(PropertyColumn pc : fieldList) {
			res.append('\t').append(pc.getField().getName())
					.append("< - > ")
					.append(pc.getColumn())
					.append('\n');
		}
		res.append(id).append('\n');
		return res.toString();
	}
	
}

ClassTableFactory类

该类主要解析类与表的映射关系(支持xml文件和注解表示)

ClassTableFactory 方法:解析该类的注解得到映射关系
loadMapping方法:利用xml解析工具,解析xml文件得到映射关系

XML解析工具

package com.mec.orm.core;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.w3c.dom.Element;

import com.mec.orm.annotation.Column;
import com.mec.orm.annotation.Key;
import com.mec.orm.annotation.Table;
import com.mec.util.XMLParser;

public class ClassTableFactory {
	private static final Map<String,ClassTable> classtableMap;

	static {
		classtableMap = new HashMap<>();
	}

	public ClassTableFactory() {
	}
	
	public static void classTableParser(Class<?> klass) {
		if(!klass.isAnnotationPresent(Table.class)) {
			return;
		}
		Table table = klass.getAnnotation(Table.class);
		String tablename = table.name();
		ClassTable ct = new ClassTable();
		ct.setKlass(klass);
		ct.setTable(tablename);
		
		Field[] fields = klass.getDeclaredFields();
		boolean hasKey = false;
		
		for(Field field : fields) {
			if (!field.isAnnotationPresent(Column.class)) {
				continue;
			}
			String column = field.getName();
			Column f = field.getAnnotation(Column.class);
			String col = f.column();
			if(col.length() > 0) {
				column = col;
			}
			PropertyColumn property = new PropertyColumn();
			property.setField(field);
			property.setColumn(column);
			ct.addProperty(property);
			
			if(!hasKey && field.isAnnotationPresent(Key.class)) {
				ct.setId(property);
				hasKey = true;
			}
		}
		classtableMap.put(klass.getName(), ct);
	}
	
	public static void loadMapping(String path) {
		try {
			new XMLParser() {
				
				@Override
				public void dealElement(Element element, int index) {
					String className = element.getAttribute("class");
					String tableName = element.getAttribute("table");
					
					ClassTable ct = new ClassTable();
					try {
						Class<?> klass = Class.forName(className);
						ct.setKlass(klass);
						ct.setTable(tableName);
						new XMLParser() {
							
							@Override
							public void dealElement(Element element, int index) {
								String id = element.getAttribute("key");
								String property = element.getAttribute("property");
								String column = element.getAttribute("name");
								
								PropertyColumn pc = new PropertyColumn();
								try {
									pc.setField(klass.getDeclaredField(property));
									pc.setColumn(column);
									
									if(id.length() > 0) {
										ct.setId(pc);
									}
									ct.addProperty(pc);
								} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
									e.printStackTrace();
								} catch (SecurityException e) {
									e.printStackTrace();
								}						
							}
						}.parse(element,"column");
					} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					classtableMap.put(className, ct);
				}
			}.parse(XMLParser.loadXML(path),"mapping");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		};
	}
	
	public static ClassTable getClassTable(Class<?> klass) {
		return classtableMap.get(klass.getName());
	}
	
	public static ClassTable getClassTable(String className) {
		return classtableMap.get(className);
	}
	
}

Database 类

properties解析工具

结合使用properties解析工具完成数据库的连接,以及记录的插入、修改、删除、查询等操作

package com.mec.orm.core;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.mec.util.PropertiesParser;

public class Database { 
	private static Connection connection;
	
	public Database() {
	}
	
	public static void loadDatabaseConfig(String path) {
		PropertiesParser.loadProperties(path);
	}
	
	private static Connection getConnection() {
		if(connection == null) {
			try {
				Class.forName(PropertiesParser.value("driver"));
				connection = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection(
						PropertiesParser.value("url"),
						PropertiesParser.value("user"),
						PropertiesParser.value("password")
						);
			} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return connection;
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public <T> List<T> list(Class<?> klass){
		ClassTable ct = getClassTable(klass);
		if(ct == null) {
			return null;				
		}
		
		String sql = "SELECT " + ct.getColumnString() + " FROM " + ct.getTable();
		List<T> result = new ArrayList<>();
		try {
			PreparedStatement state = getConnection().prepareStatement(sql);
			ResultSet rs = state.executeQuery();
			
			while(rs.next()) {
				Object obj = klass.newInstance();
				ct.setFieldFromResultSet(rs, obj);
				result.add((T) obj);
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InstantiationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return result;
	}
	
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public <T> T get(Class<?> klass,Object id) {		
		ClassTable ct = getClassTable(klass);
		if(ct == null) {
			return null;				
		}
		
		String sql = "SELECT " + ct.getColumnString() + " FROM " + ct.getTable()
		+ " WHERE " + ct.getIdString() + "=?";
		
		Connection connection = getConnection();
		try {
			PreparedStatement state = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
			state.setObject(1,id);
			ResultSet rs = state.executeQuery();
			
			if(rs.next()) {
				Object obj = klass.newInstance();
				ct.setFieldFromResultSet(rs, obj);
				return (T) obj;
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InstantiationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
    	return null;
	}
	
	
	public <T> int save(T obj){
		Class<?> klass = obj.getClass();
		ClassTable ct = getClassTable(klass);
		
		String sql = getSQLInsertInto(ct);
		PreparedStatement state = setObject(sql, obj);
		
		try {
			state.executeUpdate();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}		
		
		return 0;
	}
	
	public <T> int modify(T obj,Object id) {
		Class<?> klass = obj.getClass();
		ClassTable ct = getClassTable(klass);
		
		String sql = getUpdateSQL(ct);
		sql = sql.replaceAll(","," = ?,") + "= ?";
		sql = sql + " WHERE "+ ct.getIdString() + "=" + id;
		PreparedStatement state = setObject(sql, obj);
		
		try {
			state.executeUpdate();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}		
		
		return 0;
	}
	
	public <T> int delete(T obj,Object id) {
		Class<?> klass = obj.getClass();
		ClassTable ct = getClassTable(klass);
		
		StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer();
		
		sql.append("DELETE FROM ").append(ct.getTable())
		.append(" WHERE ").append(ct.getIdString())
		.append("=").append(id);
		
		Connection connection = getConnection();
		try {
			PreparedStatement state =  connection.prepareStatement(sql.toString());
			state.executeUpdate();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return 0;
	}
	
	private String getUpdateSQL(ClassTable ct) {
		StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer();
		
		sql.append("UPDATE ").append(ct.getTable())
			.append(" SET ").append(ct.getColumnString());					
		
		return sql.toString();
	}
	
	private PreparedStatement setObject(String sql,Object obj) {
		Connection connection = getConnection();
		PreparedStatement state = null;
		try {
			state = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
			Class<?> klass = obj.getClass();
			Field[] fields = klass.getDeclaredFields();
			int i = 1;
			for(Field field : fields) {
				field.setAccessible(true);
				Object value;
				try {
					value = field.get(obj);
				} catch (Exception e) {
					value = null;
				}
				state.setObject(i++, value);
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return state;
	}
	
	private String getSQLInsertInto(ClassTable ct) {
		StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("INSERT INTO ");
		sql.append(ct.getTable()).append(" (")
		   .append(ct.getColumnString()).append(") ")
		   .append("VALUES(");
		
		int count = ct.getfieldCount();
		boolean first = true;
		for(int i = 0;i < count;i++) {
			sql.append(first ? "?" : ",?");
			first = false;
		}
		sql.append(")");
		return sql.toString();
	}
	
	private ClassTable getClassTable(Class<?> klass) {
		
		ClassTable ct = ClassTableFactory.getClassTable(klass);
		if(ct == null) {
			ClassTableFactory.classTableParser(klass);
			ct = ClassTableFactory.getClassTable(klass);
			
		}
		return ct;
	}
	
	
	public int executeUpdate(String SQLString) {
		Connection connection = getConnection();
		try {
			PreparedStatement state = connection.prepareStatement(SQLString);
			return state.executeUpdate();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return -1;
	}

	public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) {
		ResultSet rs = null;
		Connection connection = getConnection();
		try {
			PreparedStatement state = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
			return state.executeQuery();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return rs;
	}
	
}

测试代码

SDMmodel类

package com.mec.orm.model;

import com.mec.orm.annotation.Column;
import com.mec.orm.annotation.Key;
import com.mec.orm.annotation.Table;

@Table(name = "sys_sch_dep_maj_info")
public class SDMmodel {
	@Column
	@Key
	private String id;
	@Column
	private String name;
	@Column
	private boolean status;
	
	public SDMmodel() {
	}

	public SDMmodel(String id, String name, boolean status) {
		this.id = id; 
		this.name = name;
		this.status = status;
	}

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public boolean isStatus() {
		return status;
	}

	public void setStatus(boolean status) {
		this.status = status;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer res = new StringBuffer();
		
		res.append("'" + getId() + "','" 
				   + getName() + "'," + (isStatus()? "1" : "0"));
		
		return res.toString();
	}
	
}

package com.mec.orm.test;

import com.mec.orm.core.Database;
import com.mec.orm.model.SDMmodel;

public class TestForOrm {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Database.loadDatabaseConfig("/dataBase.properties");
		Database database = new Database();
		SDMmodel sdm = new SDMmodel("060101","vivi",true);
		database.save(sdm);
	//	SDMmodel sdmNew = new SDMmodel("060101", "sehun", true);
	//	database.modify(sdmNew,sdmNew.getId());
	//  database.delete(sdm, sdm.getId());
	}
}

运行结果

原始数据库表
原始数据库表
执行save()方法之后
执行save()方法之后

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