apache mina 学习（十三）-----状态机和IoHander配合使用

现在我们把上一张的收录机的例子改造为一个tcp服务器,用文本的传输，效果如下;

telnet localhost 12345
S: + Greetings from your tape deck!
C: list
S: + (1: "The Knife - Silent Shout", 2: "Kings of convenience - Riot on an empty street")
C: load 1
S: + "The Knife - Silent Shout" loaded
C: play
S: + Playing "The Knife - Silent Shout"
C: pause
S: + "The Knife - Silent Shout" paused
C: play
S: + Playing "The Knife - Silent Shout"
C: info
S: + Tape deck is playing. Current tape: "The Knife - Silent Shout"
C: eject
S: - Cannot eject while playing
C: stop
S: + "The Knife - Silent Shout" stopped
C: eject
S: + "The Knife - Silent Shout" ejected
C: quit
S: + Bye! Please come back!

完整的代码在org.apache.mina.example.tapedeck 包中
状态如下：

@State public static final String ROOT = "Root";
@State(ROOT) public static final String EMPTY = "Empty";
@State(ROOT) public static final String LOADED = "Loaded";
@State(ROOT) public static final String PLAYING = "Playing";
@State(ROOT) public static final String PAUSED = "Paused";

事件方法有些变化：

@IoHandlerTransitions({
    @IoHandlerTransition(on = MESSAGE_RECEIVED, in = LOADED, next = PLAYING),
    @IoHandlerTransition(on = MESSAGE_RECEIVED, in = PAUSED, next = PLAYING)
})
public void playTape(TapeDeckContext context, IoSession session, PlayCommand cmd) {
    session.write("+ Playing \"" + context.tapeName + "\"");
}

我们没有使用上个例子中的Transaction注解，而是用了IoHandlerTransaction注解， 当为Mina的IoHandler创建一个状态机时，它会选择让你使用Java enum （枚举）类型来替代我们上面使用的字符串类型。这个在Mina的IoFilter中也是一样的。我们现在使用MESSAGE_RECEIVED来替代"play"来作为事件的名字(on是@IoHandlerTransition的一个属性)。这个常量是在org.apache.mina.statemachine.event.IoHandlerEvents中定义的，它的值是"messageReceived"，这个和Mina的IoHandler中的messageReceived()方法是一致的。同时我们自定义了一个StateContext状态上下文的实现 TapeDeckContext，主要作用就是用于返回当前收录机的名字。

static class TapeDeckContext extends AbstractStateContext {
    public String tapeName;
}

playTape()方法使用了PlayCommand命令来作为它的最后的一个参数 意味着只有在客户端发送的信息被编码成layCommand命令时，该方法才会被调用

@IoHandlerTransition(on = MESSAGE_RECEIVED, in = EMPTY, next = LOADED)
public void loadTape(TapeDeckContext context, IoSession session, LoadCommand cmd) {
    if (cmd.getTapeNumber() < 1 || cmd.getTapeNumber() > tapes.length) {
        session.write("- Unknown tape number: " + cmd.getTapeNumber());
        StateControl.breakAndGotoNext(EMPTY);//如果用户传递了非法的状态，则用empty代替
    } else {
        context.tapeName = tapes[cmd.getTapeNumber() - 1];
        session.write("+ \"" + context.tapeName + "\" loaded");
    }
}

connect()方法将会在Mina开启一个会话并调用sessionOpened()方法时触发

@IoHandlerTransition(on = SESSION_OPENED, in = EMPTY)
public void connect(IoSession session) {
    session.write("+ Greetings from your tape deck!");
}

它所做的工作就是向客户端发送欢迎的信息。状态机将会保持空的状态。pauseTape(), stopTape() 和 ejectTape() 方法和 playTape()很相似

错误处理如下：

@IoHandlerTransition(on = MESSAGE_RECEIVED, in = ROOT, weight = 10)
public void error(Event event, StateContext context, IoSession session, Command cmd) {
    session.write("- Cannot " + cmd.getName() + " while " 
           + context.getCurrentState().getId().toLowerCase());
}

主方法：

private static IoHandler createIoHandler() {
    StateMachine sm = StateMachineFactory.getInstance(IoHandlerTransition.class).create(EMPTY, new TapeDeckServer());
        
    return new StateMachineProxyBuilder().setStateContextLookup(
            new IoSessionStateContextLookup(new StateContextFactory() {
                public StateContext create() {
                    return new TapeDeckContext();
                }
            })).create(IoHandler.class, sm);
}

// This code will work with MINA 1.0/1.1:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    SocketAcceptor acceptor = new SocketAcceptor();
    SocketAcceptorConfig config = new SocketAcceptorConfig();
    config.setReuseAddress(true);
    ProtocolCodecFilter pcf = new ProtocolCodecFilter(
            new TextLineEncoder(), new CommandDecoder());
    config.getFilterChain().addLast("codec", pcf);
    acceptor.bind(new InetSocketAddress(12345), createIoHandler(), config);
}

// This code will work with MINA trunk:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    SocketAcceptor acceptor = new NioSocketAcceptor();
    acceptor.setReuseAddress(true);
    ProtocolCodecFilter pcf = new ProtocolCodecFilter(
            new TextLineEncoder(), new CommandDecoder());
    acceptor.getFilterChain().addLast("codec", pcf);
    acceptor.setHandler(createIoHandler());
    acceptor.setLocalAddress(new InetSocketAddress(PORT));
    acceptor.bind();
}

reateIoHandler() 方法创建了一个状态机，这个和我们之前所做的相似。除了我们一个IoHandlerTransition.class类来代替Transition.class 在StateMachineFactory.getInstance(...)方法中。这是我们在使用 @IoHandlerTransition 声明的时候必须要做的。当然这时我们使用了一个IoSessionStateContextLookup和一个自定义的StateContextFactory类，这个在我们创建一个IoHandler 代理时被使用到了。如果我们没有使用IoSessionStateContextLookup ，那么所有的客户端将会使用同一个状态机，这是我们不希望看到的。

main()方法创建了SocketAcceptor实例，并且绑定了一个ProtocolCodecFilter ，它用于编解码命令对象。最后它绑定了12345端口和IoHandler的实例。这个oHandler实例是由createIoHandler()方法创建的。