Android HttpURLConnection get、post 访问网络

1、get 请求

    /**
     * get方式请求服务器
     *
     * @param param 请求时包含的参数
     * @return
     */
    public static String get(RequestParam param) throws IOException, ServerException {

        String urlString = param.getUrl();
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(urlString))
            return null;
        HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(urlString);
            // 打开连接
            httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            //设置读取超时
            //设置连接超时
            httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(10 * 1000);
            httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
            // Set the post method. Default is GET
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            httpURLConnection.connect();
            if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == 200) {
                bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
                StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
                String lineStr = "";
                while ((lineStr = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    stringBuffer.append(lineStr + "\n");
                }
                return stringBuffer.toString();
            } else {
                Log.w("HTTP", "请求服务器异常 " + httpURLConnection.getResponseCode());
                throw new ServerException("服务器异常：" + httpURLConnection.getResponseCode());
            }
        } finally {
            if(bufferedReader != null)
                bufferedReader.close();
            if(httpURLConnection != null)
                httpURLConnection.disconnect();
        }
    }

2、post 请求

    /**
     * post 方式请求服务器
     *
     * @param param 请求参数
     * @return 响应 json 串
     * @throws IOException 文本异常，超时等
     */
    public static String post(RequestParam param) throws IOException, ServerException {

        String urlString = param.getUrl();
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(urlString))
            return null;
        HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = null;
        OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            //url
            URL url = new URL(urlString);
            // 打开连接
            httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            //设置读取超时
            //设置连接超时
            httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(10 * 1000);
            httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
            // Read from the connection. Default is true.
            httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
            // Output to the connection. Default is
            // false, set to true because post
            // method must write something to the
            // connection
            // 设置是否向connection输出，因为这个是post请求，参数要放在http正文内，因此需要设为true
            httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
            // Post cannot use caches
            // Post 请求不能使用缓存
            httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false);
            // Set the post method. Default is GET
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            // This method takes effects to
            // every instances of this class.
            // URLConnection.setFollowRedirects是static函数，作用于所有的URLConnection对象。
            // connection.setFollowRedirects(true);
            // This methods only
            // takes effacts to this
            // instance.
            // URLConnection.setInstanceFollowRedirects是成员函数，仅作用于当前函数
            httpURLConnection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
            // Set the content type to urlencoded,
            // because we will write
            // some URL-encoded content to the
            // connection. Settings above must be set before connect!
            // 配置本次连接的Content-type，配置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded的
            // 意思是正文是urlencoded编码过的form参数，下面我们可以看到我们对正文内容使用URLEncoder.encode
            // 进行编码
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "UTF-8");
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            // 连接，从postUrl.openConnection()至此的配置必须要在connect之前完成，
            // 要注意的是connection.getOutputStream会隐含的进行connect。
            httpURLConnection.connect();
//          DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream());
//          dataOutputStream.writeBytes(param.getParams());
//          dataOutputStream.flush();
//          dataOutputStream.close(); // flush and close//
            outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8");
            outputStreamWriter.write(param.getParams());
            outputStreamWriter.flush();
            if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == 200) {
                bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
                StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
                String lineStr = "";
                while ((lineStr = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    stringBuffer.append(lineStr + "\n");
                }
                return stringBuffer.toString();
            } else {
                Log.w("HTTP", "请求服务器异常 " + httpURLConnection.getResponseCode());
                throw new ServerException("服务器异常：" + httpURLConnection.getResponseCode());
            }
        } finally {
            if(bufferedReader != null)
                bufferedReader.close();
            if(outputStreamWriter != null)
                outputStreamWriter.close();
            if(httpURLConnection != null)
                httpURLConnection.disconnect();
        }
    }

RequestParam

/**
 * 描述：网络 请求参数
 * @author HJK
 */
public class RequestParam {
    private String url;
    private Map<String, Object> params;

    public void put(String key, String value) {
        if (params == null)
            params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put(key, value);
    }

    public String getUrl() {
        return url;
    }

    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }

    public List<NameValuePair> postParams() {
        if (params == null)
            return null;
        List<NameValuePair> param = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
        for (String key:params.keySet())
            param.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)+""));
        return param;
    }

    public String getParams() {
        if (params == null)
            return null;
        StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
        for (String key : params.keySet()) {
            stringBuffer.append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key)).append("&");
        }
        if(stringBuffer.length()>0)
            stringBuffer.deleteCharAt(stringBuffer.length()-1);
        return stringBuffer.toString();
    }

    public String toString() {
        return params == null?null:params.toString();
    }
}

ServerException

/**
 * 描述：服务器异常
 * @author HJK
 */
public class ServerException extends Exception {

    public ServerException() {
        super();
    }

    public ServerException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
    }

    public ServerException(String msg, Throwable cause) {
        super(msg, cause);
    }

    public ServerException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
    }
}