lab 合集 four

于 2020-05-17 15:44:50 发布
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Polymorphism（多态）

Ex 1：（Employee类继承层次）

Description of the Problem

英文：(Payroll System Modification)
Modify the payroll system of Figs. 13.13~13.23 to include private
data member birthDate in class Employee.
Use class Date from Figs. 11.12~11.13 to represent an employee’s birthday. Assume that payroll is processed once per month. Create a vector of Employee references to store the various employee objects. In a loop, calculate the payroll for each Employee (polymorphically), and add a $100.00 bonus to the person’s payroll amount if the current month is the month in which the Employee’s birthday occurs.

中文：修改本章的的工资系统，增加private数据成员birthDate(Date对象), 要求使用第11章的Date作为生日类型。假设工资系统每月处理一次，创建一个vector存储Employee指针来存储不同的员工对象，用一个循环计算每个员工的工资(多态)，遇到当月过生日的员工多发100美元奖金。

Problem-Solving Tips

1）取当前时间函数提示：

方法一：
#include<windows.h>
int main()
{
SYSTEMTIME systm;
GetLocalTime(&systm);
cout<<systm.wYear<<"-"<<systm.wMonth<<"-"<<systm.wDay<<""<< systm.wHour<<":"<<systm.wMinute<<":"<<systm.wSecond;
return 0；
}

方法二：
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main()
{
time_t nowtime;
struct tm* ptm;
time(&nowtime);
ptm = localtime(&nowtime);
cout<tm_year +1900<<"-"<tm_mon +1<<"-"<tm_mday<<" “<tm_hour<<”:"<tm_min<<":"<tm_sec;
return 0;
}

2）测试函数示例

参考教材的测试函数13.23和13.25。

结果示例
在这里插入图片描述【我的代码】

\\Date.h
#ifndef BIRTH_H
#define BIRTH_H
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Date
{
public:
 Date(int mn,int dy,int yr)
 {
  if(mn>0&&mn<13)
   month=mn;
  else 
  {
   month=0;
   cout<<"Invalid month ("<<mn<<") set to 1.\n";
  }
  year=yr;
  day=checkDay(dy);
 }
 ~Date(){}
 int getMonth() const 
 {
  return month;
 }
 void print()  const 
 {
  cout<<"birthday: ";
  switch(month)
  {
  case 1:cout<<"January "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 2:cout<<"February "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 3:cout<<"March "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 4:cout<<"April "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 5:cout<<"May "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 6:cout<<"June "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 7:cout<<"July "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 8:cout<<"August "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 9:cout<<"September "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 10:cout<<"October "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 11:cout<<"November "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  case 12:cout<<"December "<<day<<"，"<<year;break;
  default:cout<<"wrong date";
  }
 }
 int checkDay(int d)
 {
  static int daysPerMonth[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
  if(d>0&&d<=daysPerMonth[month-1])
   return d;
  if(month==2&&d==29&&(year%400==0||(year%4==0&&year%100!=0)))
   return d;
  else
  {
  return 0;
  cout<<"Invalid day for current month and day"<<endl;
  }
 }
private:
 int month,day,year;
};
#endif

\\Employee.h
#ifndef EMPLOYEE_H
#define EMPLOYEE_H
#include<string>
#include<iostream>
#include<windows.h>
#include"Date.h"
using namespace std;
class Employee
{
public:
 Employee(const string &first,const string &last,const string &ssn,const Date &dateOfBirth)
 :firstName(first),lastName(last),socialSecurityNumber(ssn),birthDate(dateOfBirth)
 {
 }
 virtual ~Employee()
 {
  cout<<"deleting object of class "<<typeid(*this).name()<<endl;
 }
 void setFirstName(const string &first)
 {
  firstName=first;
 }
 string getFirstName()const
 {
  return firstName;
 }
 void setLastName(const string &last)
 {
  lastName=last;
 }
 string getLastName()const
 {
  return lastName;
 }
 void setSocialSecurityNumber(const string &ssn)
 {
 socialSecurityNumber=ssn;
 }
 string getSocialSecurityNumber()const
 {
  return socialSecurityNumber;
 }
 virtual double earnings() const  = 0;
 bool checkBirthday() const 
 {
  SYSTEMTIME systm;      
  GetLocalTime(&systm);  
  if(systm.wMonth==birthDate.getMonth())
   return 1;
  else
   return 0;
 }
 virtual void print() const 
 {
  cout<<getFirstName()<<" "<<getLastName()<<endl;
  birthDate.print();
  cout<<"\nsocial security number: "<<getSocialSecurityNumber();
 }
private:
 string firstName;
 string lastName;
 string socialSecurityNumber;
 Date birthDate;
}; 
#endif

\\SalariedEmployee.h
#ifndef SALARIEDEMPLOYEE_H
#define SALARIEDEMPLOYEE_H
#include"Employee.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<stdexcept>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class SalariedEmployee:public Employee
{
public:
 SalariedEmployee::SalariedEmployee(const string &first,const string &last,
 const string &ssn,const Date &dateOfBirth,double salary=0.0)
 :Employee(first,last,ssn,dateOfBirth)
 {
  setWeeklySalary(salary);
 }
 virtual ~SalariedEmployee()
 {
  cout<<"deleting object of class "<<typeid(*this).name()<<endl;
 }
 void setWeeklySalary(double s)
 {
  if(s>=0.0)
   weeklySalary=s;
  else
   throw invalid_argument("Weekly salary must be >=0.0");
 }
 double getWeeklySalary()const
 {
  return weeklySalary;
 }
 double earnings() const 
 {
  if(checkBirthday())
  {
   cout<<"\nHAPPY BIRTHDAY!";
   return getWeeklySalary()+100;
  }
  else 
   return getWeeklySalary();
 }
 void print() const 
 {
  cout<<"salaried employee: ";
  Employee::print();
  cout<<"\nweekly salary: "<<getWeeklySalary();
 }
private:
 double weeklySalary;
};
#endif

\\HourlyEmployee.h
#ifndef HOURLYEMPLOYEE_H
#define HOURLYEMPLOYEE_H
#include<iostream>
#include<stdexcept>
#include"Employee.h"
using namespace std;
class HourlyEmployee:public Employee
{
public:
 HourlyEmployee(const string &first,const string &last,
 const string &ssn,const Date &dateOfBirth,double wage=0.0,double hours=0.0)
 :Employee(first,last,ssn,dateOfBirth)
 {
  setHourlySalary(wage);
  setHours(hours);
 }
 virtual ~HourlyEmployee()
 {
  cout<<"deleting object of class "<<typeid(*this).name()<<endl;
 }
 void setHourlySalary(double s)
 {
  if(s>=0.0)
   wage=s;
  else
   throw invalid_argument("Hourly salary must be >=0.0");
 }
 double getHourlySalary()const
 {
  return wage;
 }
 void setHours(double s)
 {
  if(s>=0.0)
   hours=s;
  else
   throw invalid_argument("Hours must be >=0.0");
 }
 double getHours()const
 {
  return hours;
 }
 double earnings() const 
 {
  if(checkBirthday())
  {
   cout<<"\nHAPPY BIRTHDAY!";
   if(hours<=40)
    return wage*hours+100;
   else
    return (40*wage)+((hours-40)*wage*1.5)+100;
  }
  else 
  {
   if(hours<=40)
    return wage*hours;
   else
    return (40*wage)+((hours-40)*wage*1.5);
  }
 }
 void print() const 
 {
  cout<<"hourly employee: ";
  Employee::print();
  cout<<"\nhourly wage: "<<getHourlySalary()<<"; hours worked: "<<getHours();
 }
private:
 double wage;
 double hours;
};
#endif            

\\CommissionEmployee.h
#ifndef COMMISSIONEMPLOYEE_H
#define COMMISSIONEMPLOYEE_H
#include<iostream>
#include<stdexcept>
#include<string>
#include"Employee.h"
using namespace std;
class CommissionEmployee:public Employee
{
public:
 CommissionEmployee(const string &first,const string &last,
 const string &ssn,const Date &dateOfBirth,double sales=0.0,double rate=0.0)
 :Employee(first,last,ssn,dateOfBirth)
 {
  setGrossSales(sales);
  setCommissionRate(rate);
 }
 virtual ~CommissionEmployee()
 {
  cout<<"deleting object of class "<<typeid(*this).name()<<endl;
 }
 void setCommissionRate(double r)
 {
  if(r>0.0&&r<1.0)
   commissionRate=r;
  else
   throw invalid_argument("Commission rate must be >0.0 and <1.0");
 }
 double getCommissionRate()const
 {
  return commissionRate;
 }
 void setGrossSales(double s)
 {
  if(s>=0.0)
   grossSales=s;
  else
   throw invalid_argument("Gross salary must be >=0.0");
 }
 double getGrossSales() const
 {
  return grossSales;
 }
 double earnings() const 
 {
  if(checkBirthday())
  {
   cout<<"\nHAPPY BIRTHDAY!";
   return getCommissionRate()*getGrossSales()+100;
  }
  else 
   return getCommissionRate()*getGrossSales();
 }
 void print() const 
 {
  cout<<"commission employee: ";
  Employee::print();
  cout<<"\ngross sales: "<<getGrossSales()
   <<"; commission rate: "<<getCommissionRate();
 }
private:
 double grossSales;
 double commissionRate;
};
#endif

\\BasePlusCommissionEmployee.h
#ifndef BASEPLUSCOMMISSIONEMPLOYEE_H
#define BASEPLUSCOMMISSIONEMPLOYEE_H
#include<string>
#include<iostream>
#include<stdexcept>
#include"CommissionEmployee.h"
using namespace std;
class BasePlusCommissionEmployee:public CommissionEmployee
{
public:
 BasePlusCommissionEmployee::BasePlusCommissionEmployee(const string &first,const string &last,
 const string &ssn,const Date &dateOfBirth,double sales=0.0,double rate=0.0,double salary=0.0)
 :CommissionEmployee(first,last,ssn,dateOfBirth,sales,rate)
 {
 setBaseSalary(salary);
 }
 virtual ~BasePlusCommissionEmployee()
 {
  cout<<"deleting object of class "<<typeid(*this).name()<<endl;
 }
 void setBaseSalary(double s)
 {
  if(s>=0.0)
   baseSalary=s;
  else
   throw invalid_argument("Salary must be >=0.0");
 }
 double getBaseSalary()const
 {
  return baseSalary;
 }
 double earnings() const 
 {
  return getBaseSalary()+CommissionEmployee::earnings();
 }
 void print() const 
 {
  cout<<"base-salaried ";
  CommissionEmployee::print();
  cout<<"; base salary: "<<getBaseSalary();
 }
private:
 double baseSalary;
};
#endif

\\Employee.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
#include<vector>
#include"Employee.h"
#include"Date.h"
#include"SalariedEmployee.h"
#include"HourlyEmployee.h"
#include"CommissionEmployee.h"
#include"BasePlusCommissionEmployee.h"
void virtualViaPointer( const  Employee *const );
void virtualViaReference( const  Employee &);
using namespace std;
int main()
{ 
 cout<<fixed<<setprecision( 2 );
 Date birth1(6,15,1944);
 Date birth2(5,29,1960);
 Date birth3(9,8,1954);
 Date birth4(3,2,1965);
 SalariedEmployee salariedEmployee(
  "John","Smith","111-11-1111",birth1,800);
 HourlyEmployee hourlyEmployee(
  "Karen","Price","222-22-2222",birth2,16.75, 40 );
 CommissionEmployee commissionEmployee(
  "Sue","Jones","333-33-3333",birth3,10000.00,0.06 );
 BasePlusCommissionEmployee basePlusCommissionEmployee(
  "Bob", "Lewis", "444-44-4444",birth4, 5000.00, 0.04, 300 );

vector <Employee*> employees( 4 );
 employees[ 0 ] = &salariedEmployee;
 employees[ 1 ] = &hourlyEmployee;            
 employees[ 2 ] = &commissionEmployee;
 employees[ 3 ] = &basePlusCommissionEmployee;

cout << "Employees processed polymorphically via dynamic binding:\n\n";

for ( size_t i = 0; i < employees.size(); i++ )
  virtualViaPointer(employees[ i ]);   
 for ( size_t i = 0; i < employees.size(); i++ )     
  virtualViaReference(*employees[ i ]); 
 system("pause");
 return 0; 
} 
void virtualViaPointer(const Employee *const A)
{    
 A->print();   
 cout<< "\nearned $" <<A->earnings()<< "\n\n";
}
void virtualViaReference(const Employee &A)
{                                         
 A.~Employee();
}

Ex 2：（班级学生的成绩管理）

Description of the Problem：

Complete the abstract class called “Person”.
Define a concrete class called “Student” inherited from “Person” class. Complete the class “Class” and make the following
function named “main” can output correctly.

class Class（此类需要补充完整）
{
public:
    Class (int s=0 ):size(s)
    {
        pps=new Person*[s]; 
    }
private:
    int size;
    Person** pps;
}; 
void main()
{
    Class  class1(3);
    class1[0]= new Student(1,100);
    class1[1]= new Student(2,90);
    class1[2]= new Student(3,80);
    class1.output();
    system("pause");
}

输出示例：
在这里插入图片描述
【我的代码】

\\Person.h
#ifndef PERSON_H
#define PERSON_H
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Person
{
public:
 Person(int name)
 {
 id=name;
 }
 ~Person(){}
 virtual void output() const
 {
 cout<<"Student id="<<id<<" ";
 }
private: 
 int id;
};
#endif

\\Student.h
#ifndef STUDENT_H
#define STUDENT_H
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
#include"Person.h"
using namespace std;
class Student:public Person
{
public:
 Student(int id,int grade):Person(id)
 {
 score=grade;
 }
 ~Student(){}
 void output()const
 {
  Person::output();
  cout<<"score="<<score<<endl;
 }
private:
 int score;
};
#endif

\\班级学生的成绩管理.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include"Person.h"
#include"Student.h"
using namespace std;
class Class
{
public:
 Class (int s=0 ):size(s)
 {
  pps=new Person*[s]; 
 }
 ~Class(){}
 Person* &operator[](int i)
 {
  return pps[i];
 }
 void output()
 {
  for (int i=0;i<size;i++)
   pps[i]->output();
 }
private:
 int size;
 Person** pps;
};

void main()
{
 Class  class1(3);
 class1[0]= new Student(1,100);
 class1[1]= new Student(2,90);
 class1[2]= new Student(3,80);
 class1.output();
 system("pause");
}
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