ACPI Hardware Specification

ACPI 定义了ACPI-Compatible OS控制和管理ACPI-Compatible Hardware平台的标准接口机制。 在这里,ACPI定义“Hardware”为一个programming model及其behavior。

ACPI Hardware分类

Fixed和Generic。Fixed类的Hardware符合ACPI Spec定义的Programming和Behavior;而Generic类的Hareware在实现上则更具灵活性。

ACPI Hardware Feature分类

Fixed Hardware Feature有如下规定:

1. 性能相关的feature

2. 唤醒过程中driver需要的feature

3. 允许从灾难性的OS软件失败恢复所需要的feature

Generic Hardware Feature是由ACPI Namespace中的ACPI Control method所控制的,比较灵活。

ACPI定义了实现Generic Hardware时可以使用的八种Address space:

1. System I/O

2. System Memory

3. PCI Configuration Space

4. Embedded Controller

5. SMBus

6. CMOS

7. PCI  Bar Target

8. IPMI(Intelligent Platform Management Interface)

ACPI Register Model

Fixed Hardware Register, 是实现ACPI-defined interface所必须的。在FADT中由OEM定义,是固定的,不能再改变。

                   

Generic Hardware Register,是Value-added Hardware 产生的events所必须的。

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The Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) specification was developed to establish industry common interfaces enabling robust operating system (OS)-directed motherboard device configuration and power management of both devices and entire systems. ACPI is the key element in Operating Systemdirected configuration and Power Management (OSPM). ACPI evolved the existing pre-ACPI collection of power management BIOS code, Advanced Power Management (APM) application programming interfaces (APIs, PNPBIOS APIs, Multiprocessor Specification (MPS) tables and so on into a well-defined power management and configuration interface specification. ACPI provides the means for an orderly transition from existing (legacy) hardware to ACPI hardware, and it allows for both ACPI and legacy mechanisms to exist in a single machine and to be used as needed. Further, system architectures being built at the time of the original ACPI specification’s inception, stretched the limits of historical “Plug and Play” interfaces. ACPI evolved existing motherboard configuration interfaces to support advanced architectures in a more robust, and potentially more efficient manner. The interfaces and OSPM concepts defined within this specification are suitable to all classes of computers including (but not limited to) desktop, mobile, workstation, and server machines. From a power management perspective, OSPM/ACPI promotes the concept that systems should conserve energy by transitioning unused devices into lower power states including placing the entire system in a low-power state (sleeping state) when possible. This document describes ACPI hardware interfaces, ACPI software interfaces and ACPI data structures that, when implemented, enable support for robust OS-directed configuration and power management (OSPM).

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