XPATH

XPATH counts from 1

Python counts from 0

Differnece between signle '/' or double '//':

Single slash '/' anywhere in xpath signifies to look for the element immediately inside the parent element.

Double slash '//' signifies to look for any child or nested-child element inside the parent element.

Using Text of  the element to build xpath:

//div[@class='homepage-hero']//a[text()='Enroll now']

Using contains to find the elements:

//div[@id='navbar']//a[contains(@class,'navbar-link') and contains(@href,'sign_in')]

Using Starts-With to find the elements:

//div[@id='navbar']//a[starts-with(@class,'navbar-link')]

Parent/Preceding Sibling/Following Sibling

//parent::<tag>
//preceding-sibling::<tag>
//following-sibling::<tag>