金刀的博客 | Java static关键字

0x01 static修饰属性

• 示例程序：static变量和非satatic变量的区别

  • 非static属性

  class Static{
  	private String name;
  	private int age;
  	String address = "中国武汉";
  	public Static(String name,int age) {
  		this.name = name;
  		this.age = age;
  	}
  	public String getInfo() {
  		return "姓名："+this.name+"，年龄："+this.age+"，地址："+this.address;
  	}
  }
  public class Demo3 {
  	public static void main(String[] args) {
  		Static obj_1 = new Static("Jenny", 18);
  		Static obj_2 = new Static("Tom", 20);
  		Static obj_3 = new Static("Join", 22);
  		obj_1.address = "中国厦门";
  		System.out.println(obj_1.getInfo());
  		System.out.println(obj_2.getInfo());
  		System.out.println(obj_3.getInfo());
  	}
  
  }
  

    ![](https://i.imgur.com/hqmrx2O.png)
  

  • static属性

    class Static{
    	private String name;
    	private int age;
    	static String address = "中国武汉";
    	public Static(String name,int age) {
    		this.name = name;
    		this.age = age;
    	}
    	public String getInfo() {
    		return "姓名："+this.name+"，年龄："+this.age+"，"
    				+ "地址："+Static.address;
    	}
    }
    public class Demo3 {
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Static obj_1 = new Static("Jenny", 18);
    		Static obj_2 = new Static("Tom", 20);
    		Static obj_3 = new Static("Join", 22);
    		Static.address = "中国厦门";
    		System.out.println(obj_1.getInfo());
    		System.out.println(obj_2.getInfo());
    		System.out.println(obj_3.getInfo());
    	}
    
    }
    

  

当address为非静态属性（变量）时，address属性被每一个实例化对象(new)独享。
当address为静态属性时（被static关键字修饰），address属性为共享属性时（所有对象可以访问）。

• static修饰属性的特点：
  • static声明的属性也称为类属性，所有的类属性都可以通过类名.属性直接调用，没有static关键字的属性必须在产生实例化对象之后才可以被使用；

0x02 static修饰方法

• 示例程序：static方法和非satatic方法的区别

  • 非static方法

  class Static{
  	private String name;
  	private int age;
  	private String address = "中国武汉";
  	public Static(String name,int age) {
  		this.name = name;
  		this.age = age;
  	}
  	public void setCountry(String addre) {
  		address = addre;	// 设置内容
  	}
  	public String getInfo() {
  		return "姓名："+this.name+"，年龄："+this.age+"，"
  				+ "地址："+this.address;
  	}
  }
  public class Demo3 {
  	public static void main(String[] args) {
  		Static obj_1 = new Static("Jenny", 18);
  		Static obj_2 = new Static("Tom", 20);
  		Static obj_3 = new Static("Join", 22);
  		obj_1.setCountry("中国厦门");
  		System.out.println(obj_1.getInfo());
  		System.out.println(obj_2.getInfo());
  		System.out.println(obj_3.getInfo());
  	}
  }
  

    ![](https://i.imgur.com/tZ9csIx.png)
  

  • static方法

  class Static{
  	private String name;
  	private int age;
  	private static String address = "中国武汉";
  	public Static(String name,int age) {
  		this.name = name;
  		this.age = age;
  	}
  	public static void setCountry(String addre) {
  		address = addre;	// 设置内容
  	}
  	public String getInfo() {
  		return "姓名："+this.name+"，年龄："+this.age+"，"
  				+ "地址："+Static.address;
  	}
  }
  public class Demo3 {
  	public static void main(String[] args) {
  		Static obj_1 = new Static("Jenny", 18);
  		Static obj_2 = new Static("Tom", 20);
  		Static obj_3 = new Static("Join", 22);
  		Static.setCountry("中国厦门");
  		System.out.println(obj_1.getInfo());
  		System.out.println(obj_2.getInfo());
  		System.out.println(obj_3.getInfo());
  	}
  }
  

    ![](https://i.imgur.com/AovEtPv.png)
  

• static和非static方法互调用的注意事项：

  • static的方法不允许调用非static定义的属性或者方法；
  • 所有的非static方法允许访问static属性或方法；
  • 原因：
    • 因为static方法可以在没有实例化对象的时候访问，而非static方法必须在有实例化对象产生之后才可以操作。
  • static方法使用场景：
    • 方法不希望受到类的实例化限制；