Spring配置数据源（数据库）

数据库（连接池）的作用

• 数据源是提高程序性能出现的
• 事先实例化数据源，初始化部分连接资源
• 使用连接资源时从数据源中获取
• 使用完毕后将连接资源归还给数据源

常见的数据源：DBCP、C3p0、BoneCP、Druid等

数据源的开发步骤

1. 导入数据源的坐标和数据库驱动坐标
   数据源坐标

<dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.10</version>
    </dependency>

或者

<dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>

数据库驱动坐标

<dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.49</version>
    </dependency>

junit坐标

<dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

2. 创建数据源对象

        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();

3. 设置数据源的基本连接数据

 dataSource.setDriverClass(driver);
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
        dataSource.setUser(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);

4. 使用数据源获取链接资源和归还连接资源

 Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();

抽取配置文件

jdbc。properties中的内容

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sell?useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=111111

public void test3() throws Exception {
        //读取配置文件
        ResourceBundle rb = ResourceBundle.getBundle("jdbc");
        String driver = rb.getString("jdbc.driver");
        String url = rb.getString("jdbc.url");
        String username = rb.getString("jdbc.username");
        String password = rb.getString("jdbc.password");
        //创建数据源对象
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClass(driver);
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
        dataSource.setUser(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }

Spring配置数据源

导入spring-context坐标

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

配置xml文件，需要引入context命名空间和约束路径

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation=
               "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

 <!--加载外部的properties文件  -->
    <c:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        <!--参照set方法后的名字，不同数据源有不同名字-->
</bean>

测试

 public void test4() throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        DataSource data = app.getBean(DataSource.class);
        Connection connection = data.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();

}