1.servelt的作用
接受请求,对请求进行处理,并发送响应。
2.编写servlet
a.继承HttpServlet这个类(此类实现了Servlet接口)
package servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class FirstServlet extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.log("执行了doGet方法");
//调用servlet自带的日志输出信息到控制台
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.log("执行了doPost方法");
}
@Override
protected long getLastModified(HttpServletRequest req) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.log("执行了lastModified方法");
return -1;
}
private void execute(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception{
resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String requestURI=req.getRequestURI();
String method=req.getMethod();
//访问该servlet的方式,get或者method
String param=req.getParameter("param");
//客户提交的参数param值
}
}
b.在web.xml中配置servlet
<!-- 配置servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>FirstServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.FirstServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 初始化参数 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>message</param-name>
<param-value>welcome to FirstServlet</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 配置servlet的加载方式,如果是1的话,tomcat会在启动的时候加载该servlet,否则在有人第一次请求时加载该servlet -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
c.在web.xml中配置servlet-mapping
<!-- 配置servlet-mapping -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>FirstServlet</servlet-name>
<!-- 配置servlet的访问路径 -->
<url-pattern>/FirstServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>