spring源码深度分析

spring源码深度分析

1.写在前面

本文是对spring源码的深度分析，阅读起来有一定难度，如果对spring应用不太熟练的话，更是难上加难。分析源码是一件枯燥乏味的事情，需要极大的耐心，在这篇的时候也是经历了很大的痛苦，耗费很大精力，前后花了大致一个月的时间。文章很长，我知道不会有很多人看到最后，但是我相信看到最后的一定能有所收获。阅读本文章要对照源码，最好是版本也一致，文章不会贴出所有的源码细节，并且文章不具备跳转，调试的条件，这在集成开发环境是很方便的。

2.搭建环境

新建maven工程，引入如下依赖即可

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

新建两个类，启动容器，最基本的spring容器就自动了。

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

}

public class TestBean {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);

    }
}

3.源码分析

public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class<?>... componentClasses) {
   this();
   register(componentClasses);
   refresh();
}

代码逻辑比较清晰，分别为

• 创建并初始化容器

• 将启动类注入到容器

• 刷新容器

2.1 创建并初始化容器

public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
   this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
   this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDjavaefinitionScanner(this);
}

主要是两个步骤：

• 创建注解的BeanDefinition读取器
• 创建Java类路径定义的扫描器

2.1.1 创建注解的BeanDefinition读取器

public AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Environment environment) {
   Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
   Assert.notNull(environment, "Environment must not be null");
   this.registry = registry;
    
   //处理@Conditional注解类，@Conditional注解是按条件注册bean，是springboot实现自动配置的
   //的重要基础之一，这里不详细说明，有机会在springboot原理分析中详细介绍
   this.conditionEvaluator = new ConditionEvaluator(registry, environment, null);
   AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry);
}

下面主要看registerAnnotationConfigProcessors的逻辑。

public static Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(
      BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) {

   //提取beanFactory
   DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = unwrapDefaultListableBeanFactory(registry);
   if (beanFactory != null) {
      if (!(beanFactory.getDependencyComparator() instanceof AnnotationAwareOrderComparator)) {
         //AnnotationAwareOrderComparator类实现了对bean的@Ordered和@Priority注解处理逻辑，可以比较bean的优先级
         beanFactory.setDependencyComparator(AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
      }
      if (!(beanFactory.getAutowireCandidateResolver() instanceof ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver)) {
         //ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver实现通过@Autowired注解，依赖其他bean的逻辑，在bean寻找并注入依赖时调用，后面会有涉及
         beanFactory.setAutowireCandidateResolver(new ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver());
      }
   }

   //下面的逻辑就是初始化几个spring注解实现的核心bean，spring容器内置的几个bean，就在这里注入到容器，他们的名字都以internal开头，
   //但实现的机制不一样，有的实现BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口，有的实现BeanPostProcessor接口，
   //就是说调用这些类的方法的时机不一样，这点很重要
   Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefs = new LinkedHashSet<>(8);

   //ConfigurationClassPostProcessor注入到容器中，这里我们要关注类本身实现的功能和spring容器什么时候调用的该类的方法。
   if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
   }

   if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
   }

   // Check for JSR-250 support, and if present add the CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
   if (jsr250Present && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
   }

   // Check for JPA support, and if present add the PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
   if (jpaPresent && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition();
      try {
         def.setBeanClass(ClassUtils.forName(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_CLASS_NAME,
               AnnotationConfigUtils.class.getClassLoader()));
      }
      catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
         throw new IllegalStateException(
               "Cannot load optional framework class: " + PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_CLASS_NAME, ex);
      }
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
   }

   if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(EventListenerMethodProcessor.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
   }

   if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(DefaultEventListenerFactory.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, javaEVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME));
   }

   return beanDefs;
}

2.1.1.1 ConfigurationClassPostProcessor类

这个类处理当bean的方法中标记了@Bean注解或者类标记了@Configuration注解。

通过查看源码可以得出，该类实现了BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口，我们只需要关注下面的两个方法。这两个方法是在容器将所有bean加载为BeanDeifinition后，bean实例化前执行的，目的就是在bean实例化前给个机会修改BeanDefinition的内容，进而影响bean实例化的，具体的用法参考BeanFactoryPostProcessor与BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor用法与原理，并且postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法会先执行，postProcessBeanFactory后执行，这里的逻辑会在实际调用的时候分析。

2.1.1.2 AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类

这个类处理@Autowired，@Value，@Inject注解，实现类依赖自动注入的解析逻辑。这个类间接的实现了BeanPostProcessor接口，基于BeanPostProcessor后置处理原理，实现原理参考BeanPostProcessor后置处理器原理与应用

2.1.1.3 CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类

解析@PreDestroy，@PostConstruct，@Resource等注解，也是个实现BeanPostProcessor的接口。

2.1.1.4 PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类

这个类与jpa访问数据库相关，这里不做介绍。

2.1.1.5 EventListenerMethodProcessor和DefaultEventListenerFactory类

这两个之所以在一起介绍，主要是跟spring的事件监听机制有关，请参考spring的ApplicationEvent事件监听机制原理与应用

这几个spring容器启动时就注册类，实现类基于注解的spring容器的基本功能，这几个bean有什么作用，在哪调用的，会在后面的分析中说明，当前只需要知道这几个基础类是在启动时注册的即可。

2.1.2 创建Java类路径定义的扫描器

当实例化AnnotationConfigApplicationContext传入的是包名时，ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner这个类会识别包中所有标记了@Component，@Repository，@Service，@Controller主机的类，注册到容器中。

2.2 将启动类注入到容器

从register(componentClasses);开始分析。这里的componentClasses参数是一个可变参数列表，可以传入多个启动配置，本例子只传入了一个AppConfig空配置类。跟踪代码进入到下面方法;

public void register(Class<?>... componentClasses) {
   //遍历处理每一个配置列
   for (Class<?> componentClass : componentClasses) {
      registerBean(componentClass);
   }
}

省略了几个中间的方法传递调用直接进入处理逻辑

private <T> void doRegisterBean(Class<T> beanClass, @Nullable String name,
      @Nullable Class<? extends Annotation>[] qualifiers, @Nullable Supplier<T> supplier,
      @Nullable BeanDefinitionCustomizer[] customizers) {

   //将配置类封装成基于注解的BeanDefinition
   AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition abd = new AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition(beanClass);
    
   //这里判断当前bean是否存在@Conditional注解，如果不满足条件得话就直接跳过，不处理。通常主配置类不带条件，就是说这里不会跳过。
   if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(abd.getMetadata())) {
      return;
   }

   abd.setInstanceSupplier(supplier);
   ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(abd);//解析scope
   abd.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());//默认scope时singleton
   //获取默认beanName，类名首字母小写
   String beanName = (name != null ? name : this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(abd, this.registry)); 

   //解析通用得注解属性，包括@Lazy，@Primary，@DependsOn，@Role，@Description
   AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(abd);
   
   if (qualifiers != null) {//qualifiers=null
      for (Class<? extends Annotation> qualifier : qualifiers) {
         if (Primary.class == qualifier) {
            abd.setPrimary(true);
         }
         else if (Lazy.class == qualifier) {
            abd.setLazyInit(true);
         }
         else {
            abd.addQualifier(new AutowireCandidateQualifier(qualifier));
         }
      }
   }
   if (customizers != null) {  //customizers=null
      for (BeanDefinitionCustomizer customizer : customizers) {
         customizer.customize(abd);
      }
   }

   //注册到容器中
   BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(abd, beanName);
   definitionHolder = AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
   BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
}

2.3 刷新容器

代码入口refresh();这个方法时整个spring的核心，也是最复杂的，涉及的内容很多，这里的每一个方法基本上代表一个spring的功能，逻辑比较清晰，下面逐个分析，整个代码在同步块中。

public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
   synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
      // Prepare this context for refreshing.
      prepareRefresh();

      // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
      ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

      // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
      prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

      try {
         // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
         postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

         // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
         invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

         // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
         registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

         // Initialize message source for this context.
         initMessageSource();

         // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
         initApplicationEventMulticaster();

         // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
         onRefresh();

         // Check for listener beans and register them.
         registerListeners();

         // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
         finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

         // Last step: publish corresponding event.
         finishRefresh();
      }

      catch (BeansException ex) {
         if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
            logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                  "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
         }

         // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
         destroyBeans();

         // Reset 'active' flag.
         cancelRefresh(ex);

         // Propagate exception to caller.
         throw ex;
      }

      finally {
         // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since wejava
         // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
         resetCommonCaches();
      }
   }
}

2.3.1准备刷新（prepareRefresh()）

做一下初始化准备，没有什么重要的逻辑。

2.3.2 获取BeanFactory（obtainFreshBeanFactory()）

获取BeanFactory，本案例通过注解启动，obtainFreshBeanFactory()方法会执行GenericApplicationContext类的refreshBeanFactory() 方法，这个方法除了置了一个标记，没有其他逻辑。

2.3.3 准备BeanFactory（prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory)）

protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
   // Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader etc.
   beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
   beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
   beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));

   // Configure the bean factory with context callbacks.
   beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
    
   //解析依赖时，忽略这几个接口
   beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
   beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
   beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
   beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
   beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
   beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);

   //与上面的忽略相反，这几个bean是可以被依赖注入的
   beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
   beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
   beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
   beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);

   //注册一个事件监听器后置处理器
   beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));

   // Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.
   if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
      beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
      // Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
      beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
   }

   // Register default environment beans.
   if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
      beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
   }
   if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
      beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
   }
   if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
      beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
   }
}

总体上，这个方法向spring容器注册了几个基础的bean，这几个bean实现spring的以下功能机制的。

• 注册StandardBeanExpressionResolver，支持表达式解析

• 注册ResourceEditorRegistrar，支持属性编辑

• 注册ApplicationContextAwareProcessor，支持Aware机制，获取spring的常用对象，实现细节参考Spring的Aware机制原理与应用

• 注册ApplicationListenerDetector，实现事件监听机制，实现原理参考spring的ApplicationEvent事件监听机制原理与应用

2.3.4 空方法（postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory)）

空方法，用于子类实现扩展。

2.3.5 调用BeanFactoryPostProcessor的处理逻辑（invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory)）

这个方法执行时，容器中的bean还没有被实例化，容器中存储的都是代表bean的BeanDefinition，这个方法就是针对BeanDefinition集合处理。

protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
   PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());

   // Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found in the meantime
   // (e.g. through an @Bean method registered by ConfigurationClassPostProcessor)
   if (beanFactory.getTempClassLoader() == null && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
      beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
      beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
   }
}

进入PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate的invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors方法。这里的详细逻辑我在BeanFactoryPostProcessor与BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor用法与原理的原理分析部分详细分析过，请移步。

2.3.6 注册BeanProcessor后置处理器（registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory)）

注册BeanProcessor到容器，并不是调用BeanProcessor中的方法，注册的源码分析在BeanPostProcessor后置处理器原理与应用中的原理实现中有介绍，这里不重复。

2.3.7 初始化消息源（initMessageSource()）

这部分与spring的核心关联不大，省略。

2.3.8 初始化事件广播器（initApplicationEventMulticaster()）

在spring的ApplicationEvent事件监听机制原理与应用的事件发布原理章节中有介绍

2.3.9 空方法（onRefresh()）

2.3.10 注册事件监听器（registerListeners()）

protected void registerListeners() {
   // Register statically specified listeners first.
   for (ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners()) {
      getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListener(listener);
   }

   // Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
   // uninitialized to let post-processors apply to them!
   String[] listenerBeanNames = getBeanNamesForType(ApplicationListener.class, true, false);
   for (String listenerBeanName : listenerBeanNames) {
      getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListenerBean(listenerBeanName);
   }

   // Publish early application events now that we finally have a multicaster...
   Set<ApplicationEvent> earlyEventsToProcess = this.earlyApplicationEvents;
   this.earlyApplicationEvents = null;
   if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(earlyEventsToProcess)) {
      for (ApplicationEvent earlyEvent : earlyEventsToProcess) {
         getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(earlyEvent);
      }
   }
}

正常的事件监听器都是在BeanProcessor中注册的，这里注册的事件监听器是特殊的，在容器启动时就注册的，还没到容器初始化bean。还有一个逻辑是

如果是early事件，这里直接就发布事件了。

2.3.11 实例化bean（finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)）

在这个方法里会实例化，初始化所有的不是懒加载的bean。这个过程相当复杂，耐心看下去。

protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
   // Initialize conversion service for this context.
   if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
         beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
      beanFactory.setConversionService(
            beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
   }

   // Register a default embedded value resolver if no bean post-processor
   // (such as a PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer bean) registered any before:
   // at this point, primarily for resolution in annotation attribute values.
   if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
      beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
   }

   // Initialize LoadTimeWeaverAware beans early to allow for registering their transformers early.
   String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
   for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
      getBean(weaverAwareName);
   }

   // Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
   beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

   // Allow for caching all bean definition metadata, not expecting further changes.
   beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

   // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
   beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
}

我们关注最后一行代码，上面的逻辑暂时忽略。其实我们看spring的源码主要关注重要的逻辑，主要功能的实现思路，没必要过分关注实现的所有细节，因为对于任何框架来说，代码量巨大，没有那么多精力充分阅读所有的实现细节。

public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
   if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
      logger.trace("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
   }

   // Iterate over a copy to allow for init methods which in turn register new bean definitions.
   // While this may not be part of the regular factory bootstrap, it does otherwise work fine.
   List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

   // Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
   for (String beanName : beanNames) {
      RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);  //合并beanDefinition
      if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {  //实例化的前提是：不是抽象类，是单例的，不是懒加载的
         if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {  //判断工厂bean
            Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
            if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
               FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
               boolean isEagerInit;
               if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
                  isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged(
                        (PrivilegedAction<Boolean>) ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
                        getAccessControlContext());
               }
               else {
                  isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
                        ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
               }
               if (isEagerInit) {
                  getBean(beanName);
               }
            }
         }
         else {
            getBean(beanName);
         }
      }
   }

   // Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...
   for (String beanName : beanNames) {
      Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
      if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
         SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
         if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
            AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
               smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
               return null;
            }, getAccessControlContext());
         }
         else {
            smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
         }
      }
   }
}

开始进入正题了，坐稳了。这段代码包含了bean的实例化和初始化等逻辑。这里存在一个方法涉及很深的调用链路，所以按方法来分析，不至于迷路。

2.3.11.1 合并beanDefinition

在遍历beanDefinition集合的第一行执行的逻辑RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);

这行代码的逻辑就是合并BeanDefinition，如果存在父子关系的bean。什么叫bean的父子关系？对于面向对象来讲，就是继承。这里举个简单的例子，定义两个测试类。

public class Person {
    
    //省略get，set方法
    private String name;
    private int age;
}

public class Studant extends Person {

    //省略get，set方法
    private int no; //学号

}

Person和Studant本身存在父子关系，看配置文件

<bean id="person" class="com.li.study.bean.Person">
    <property name="age" value="20"/>
    <property name="name" value="li"/>
    
</bean>

<bean id="studant" parent="person" class="com.li.study.bean.Studant">
    <property name="no" value="001"/>
 </bean>

这样配置以后，id为studant的bean，继承id为person的bean的属性。下面看实现

protected RootBeanDefinition getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(String beanName) throws BeansException {
   // Quick check on the concurrent map first, with minimal locking.
   RootBeanDefinition mbd = this.mergedBeanDefinitions.get(beanName);
   if (mbd != null && !mbd.stale) {
      return mbd;
   }
   return getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName, getBeanDefinition(beanName));
}

protected RootBeanDefinition getMergedBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition bd)
    throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

    return getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName, bd, null);
}

//源码分析写在注释
protected RootBeanDefinition getMergedBeanDefinition(
    String beanName, BeanDefinition bd, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBd)
    throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

    synchronized (this.mergedBeanDefinitions) {
        RootBeanDefinition mbd = null;
        RootBeanDefinition previous = null;

        //判断已经处理过，就不再处理
        if (containingBd == null) {
            mbd = this.mergedBeanDefinitions.get(beanName);
        }

        if (mbd == null || mbd.stale) {
            previous = mbd;
            //没有继承的父bean
            if (bd.getParentName() == null) {
                //这里的逻辑是，将类型统一转换成RootBeanDefinition
                if (bd instanceof RootBeanDefinition) {
                    mbd = ((RootBeanDefinition) bd).cloneBeanDefinition();
                }
                else {
                    mbd = new RootBeanDefinition(bd);
                }
            }
            else {  //有父bean
                BeanDefinition pbd;
                try {
                    //合并属性
                    String parentBeanName = transformedBeanName(bd.getParentName());
                    if (!beanName.equals(parentBeanName)) {  //在baenDefinition集合找到父bean
                        pbd = getMergedBeanDefinition(parentBeanName);
                    }
                    else { //去父bean工厂的baenDefinition集合查找父bean
                        BeanFactory parent = getParentBeanFactory();
                        if (parent instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory) {
                            pbd = ((ConfigurableBeanFactory) parent).getMergedBeanDefinition(parentBeanName);
                        }
                        else {
                            throw new NoSuchBeanDefinitionException(parentBeanName,
                                                                    "Parent name '" + parentBeanName + "' is equal to bean name '" + beanName +
                                                                    "': cannot be resolved without a ConfigurableBeanFactory parent");
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
                    throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(bd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                                           "Could not resolve parent bean definition '" + bd.getParentName() + "'", ex);
                }
                mbd = new RootBeanDefinition(pbd);
                mbd.overrideFrom(bd);
            }
  
            if (!StringUtils.hasLength(mbd.getScope())) { //如果没有配置，是指scpoe的默认值为单例
                mbd.setScope(SCOPE_SINGLETON);
            }

            // A bean contained in a non-singleton bean cannot be a singleton itself.
            // Let's correct this on the fly here, since this might be the result of
            // parent-child merging for the outer bean, in which case the original inner bean
            // definition will not have inherited the merged outer bean's singleton status.
            if (containingBd != null && !containingBd.isSingleton() && mbd.isSingleton()) {
                mbd.setScope(containingBd.getScope());
            }

            // Cache the merged bean definition for the time being
            // (it might still get re-merged later on in order to pick up metadata changes)
            if (containingBd == null && isCacheBeanMetadata()) {
                this.mergedBeanDefinitions.put(beanName, mbd);
            }
        }
        if (previous != null) {
            copyRelevantMergedBeanDefinitionCaches(previous, mbd);
        }
        return mbd;
    }
}

2.3.11.2 判断工厂Bean

对于工厂bean的处理逻辑和非工厂bean是不一样的，什么是工厂bean，简单来说就是实现FactoryBean接口的bean。看一下具体怎么判断的。

public boolean isFactoryBean(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
   String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
   //由于是在遍历beanDefinition集合，有可能这个bean已经被初始化完成，并保存在缓存中，所以先去缓存中获取，如果缓存中存在，直接返回
   Object beanInstance = getSingleton(beanName, false);
   if (beanInstance != null) {
      return (beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean);
   }
   // No singleton instance found -> check bean definition.
   if (!containsBeanDefinition(beanName) && getParentBeanFactory() instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory) {
      // No bean definition found in this factory -> delegate to parent.
      return ((ConfigurableBeanFactory) getParentBeanFactory()).isFactoryBean(name);
   }
   return isFactoryBean(beanName, getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName));
}

protected boolean isFactoryBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
    Boolean result = mbd.isFactoryBean;
    if (result == null) {
        Class<?> beanType = predictBeanType(beanName, mbd, FactoryBean.class);
        result = (beanType != null && FactoryBean.class.isAssignableFrom(beanType));
        mbd.isFactoryBean = result;
    }
    return result;
}

这段代码不长，但是还是有一定逻辑的。

我们先看一下String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);，这个方法其实就是获取beanName。逻辑不在这里展开。说一下他的思路，其实spring有自己的规定，如果当前要创建bean就是一个工厂bean，而不是通过工厂bean的getObject()方法获取的bean，那么spring会在beanName前添加一个“&”前缀，加以区分。

判断是不是工厂bean的思路很简单，就是看是不是实现了FactoryBean接口。

在判断是工厂bean之后还有一段代码，判断是不是EagerInit，意思就是紧急初始化，如果是的话直接初始化。

2.3.11.3 实例化bean

代码入口就是getBean(beanName);

public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
   return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}

看doGetBean方法

protected <T> T doGetBean(
      String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType, @Nullable Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
      throws BeansException {

   String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);//这个方法前面提到过，就是提取beanName，如果是工厂bean的话，去掉前面的“&”
   Object bean;

   // Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
   Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
   if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
      if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
         if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
            logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
                  "' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
         }
         else {
            logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
         }
      }
      bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
   }

   else {
   		//暂时省略，下面分析
   }

   // Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
   if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
      try {
         T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
         if (convertedBean == null) {
            throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
         }
         return convertedBean;
      }
      catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
         if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
                  ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
         }
         throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
      }
   }
   return (T) bean;
}

涉及的逻辑比较多，按步骤来分

2.3.11.3.1 去缓存中获取

public Object getSingleton(String beanName) {
   return getSingleton(beanName, true);
}

protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {
   // Quick check for existing instance without full singleton lock
   Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
   if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
      singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
      if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {
         synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
            // Consistent creation of early reference within full singleton lock
            singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
            if (singletonObject == null) {
               singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
               if (singletonObject == null) {
                  ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);
                  if (singletonFactory != null) {
                     singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
                     this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
                     this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
                  }
               }
            }
         }
      }
   }
   return singletonObject;
}

spring是个容器。如果已经被创建完成的bean，肯定不会在重复创建（原型的除外）。所以创建一个bean之前肯定会先去缓存中获取，如果没有，再去创建新的，创建完成后缓存起来。

spring容器有一个名字为singletonObjects的map，就是缓存已经创建好的bean。这段代码的第一行就是去这个map获取。

后面的这些逻辑，其实和spring处理循环依赖有关，要结合后面的逻辑才能明白，推荐大家去看一下关于循环依赖的博文Spring处理循环依赖原理,这里会好理解的多，不然确实比较难理解。

2.3.11.3.2 处理实例

如果缓存在存在的话，处理bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);

protected Object getObjectForBeanInstance(
      Object beanInstance, String name, String beanName, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {

   //判断name是不是“&”开头，在当前调用链路，这个判断不会成立，因为在上面的String beanName = transformedBeanName(name)代码中，已经将“&”去掉
   if (BeanFactoryUtils.isFactoryDereference(name)) {
      if (beanInstance instanceof NullBean) {
         return beanInstance;
      }
      if (!(beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean)) {
         throw new BeanIsNotAFactoryException(beanName, beanInstance.getClass());
      }
      if (mbd != null) {
         mbd.isFactoryBean = true;
      }
      return beanInstance;
   }

   //下面其实也不复杂，如果不是FactoryBean的实现类，直接返回
   if (!(beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean)) {
      return beanInstance;
   }

   //是FactoryBean的实现
   Object object = null;
   if (mbd != null) {
      mbd.isFactoryBean = true;
   }
   else {
      object = getCachedObjectForFactoryBean(beanName);  //这里也先去缓存中获取
   }
   if (object == null) { //缓存中不存在   
      FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) beanInstance;
      if (mbd == null && containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {  //这里的mdb不会为null
         mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
      }
      boolean synthetic = (mbd != null && mbd.isSynthetic());
      object = getObjectFromFactoryBean(factory, beanName, !synthetic);//获取bean
   }
   return object;
}

protected Object getObjectFromFactoryBean(FactoryBean<?> factory, String beanName, boolean shouldPostProcess) {
    if (factory.isSingleton() && containsSingleton(beanName)) { //bean工厂是单例的
        synchronized (getSingletonMutex()) {
            Object object = this.factoryBeanObjectCache.get(beanName);  //工厂bean的缓存中获取
            if (object == null) {
                object = doGetObjectFromFactoryBean(factory, beanName);
                // Only post-process and store if not put there already during getObject() call above
                // (e.g. because of circular reference processing triggered by custom getBean calls)
                Object alreadyThere = this.factoryBeanObjectCache.get(beanName);
                if (alreadyThere != null) {  //判断是不是在其他地方实例化了bean，如果是就获取已经实例化的，保证是单例
                    object = alreadyThere;
                }
                else {
                    if (shouldPostProcess) {  //支持后置处理，具体逻辑与循环依赖，后置处理器原理有关
                        if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                            // Temporarily return non-post-processed object, not storing it yet..
                            return object;
                        }
                        beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
                        try {
                            object = postProcessObjectFromFactoryBean(object, beanName);
                        }
                        catch (Throwable ex) {
                            throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
                                                            "Post-processing of FactoryBean's singleton object failed", ex);
                        }
                        finally {
                            afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
                        }
                    }
                    if (containsSingleton(beanName)) {
                        this.factoryBeanObjectCache.put(beanName, object);
                    }
                }
            }
            return object;
        }
    }
    else {  //如果不是单例，也就是不会去缓存中获取
        Object object = doGetObjectFromFactoryBean(factory, beanName);
        if (shouldPostProcess) {
            try {
                object = postProcessObjectFromFactoryBean(object, beanName);
            }
            catch (Throwable ex) {
                throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Post-processing of FactoryBean's object failed", ex);
            }
        }
        return object;
    }
}

真正的获取bean的逻辑，执行工厂bean的getObject方法。

private Object doGetObjectFromFactoryBean(FactoryBean<?> factory, String beanName) throws BeanCreationException {
   Object object;
   try {
      if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
         AccessControlContext acc = getAccessControlContext();
         try {
            object = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>) factory::getObject, acc);
         }
         catch (PrivilegedActionException pae) {
            throw pae.getException();
         }
      }
      else {
         object = factory.getObject();
      }
   }
   catch (FactoryBeanNotInitializedException ex) {
      throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName, ex.toString());
   }
   catch (Throwable ex) {
      throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "FactoryBean threw exception on object creation", ex);
   }

   // Do not accept a null value for a FactoryBean that's not fully
   // initialized yet: Many FactoryBeans just return null then.
   if (object == null) {
      if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
         throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(
               beanName, "FactoryBean which is currently in creation returned null from getObject");
      }
      object = new NullBean();
   }
   return object;
}

2.3.11.3.3 缓存不存在

这里是紧接着2.3.11.3.1章节的拎一个分支，代码位置在AbstractBeanFactory的doGetBean方法。

if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
    。。。
}
else{
    //当前分析的代码位置
}

代码的第一部分，告诉我们scope是prototype的，不支持循环依赖

if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
   throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}

2.3.11.3.3.1 处理父工厂

下面代码处理存在父工厂的场景。

BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
   // Not found -> check parent.
   String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
   if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
      return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
            nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
   }
   else if (args != null) {
      // Delegation to parent with explicit args.
      return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
   }
   else if (requiredType != null) {
      // No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
      return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
   }
   else {
      return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
   }
}

2.3.11.3.3.2 合并beanDefinition

RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

第一行代码在上面的2.3.11.1章节分析过，第二行代码就是判断当前bean是不是抽象的。

2.3.11.3.3.3 处理dependsOn属性

String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
   for (String dep : dependsOn) {
      if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
         throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
               "Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
      }
      registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
      try {
         getBean(dep);
      }
      catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
         throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
               "'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
      }
   }
}

接下来的代码解析bean的依赖，这里说的依赖是dependOn属性，不是通常说的对象之间的依赖关系。这两个对象之间可能表面上没有任何关系，但也可能存在依赖关系。详细的原理解释，自行百度，这个技术大多用于框架之间的整合扩展。

2.3.11.3.3.4 创建bean

下面的代码才是真正创建bean

if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
   sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
      try {
         return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
      }
      catch (BeansException ex) {
         // Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
         // eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
         // Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
         destroySingleton(beanName);
         throw ex;
      }
   });
   bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}

这里的逻辑不复杂，如果是单例的，创建bean，最后一行代码我们上面分析过，是处理工厂bean的，这里创建bean的代码封装了一个createBean(beanName, mbd, args)回调方法，进入getSingleton方法后要结合这个回调方法。

public Object getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {
   Assert.notNull(beanName, "Bean name must not be null");
   synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {  //同步代码块
      Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);  //去缓存中查找
      if (singletonObject == null) {
         if (this.singletonsCurrentlyInDestruction) {
            throw new BeanCreationNotAllowedException(beanName,
                  "Singleton bean creation not allowed while singletons of this factory are in destruction " +
                  "(Do not request a bean from a BeanFactory in a destroy method implementation!)");
         }
         if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Creating shared instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
         }
         beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
         boolean newSingleton = false;
         boolean recordSuppressedExceptions = (this.suppressedExceptions == null);
         if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
            this.suppressedExceptions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
         }
         try {
            singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
            newSingleton = true;
         }
         catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
            // Has the singleton object implicitly appeared in the meantime ->
            // if yes, proceed with it since the exception indicates that state.
            singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
            if (singletonObject == null) {
               throw ex;
            }
         }
         catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
            if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
               for (Exception suppressedException : this.suppressedExceptions) {
                  ex.addRelatedCause(suppressedException);
               }
            }
            throw ex;
         }
         finally {
            if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
               this.suppressedExceptions = null;
            }
            afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
         }
         if (newSingleton) {
            addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);
         }
      }
      return singletonObject;
   }
}

其实这个方法逻辑不复杂，只是有一些拓展的调用会干扰思路，我们抓住主干，就是获取一个单例，至于其他，慢慢分析。这里主要的干扰就是循环依赖的处理逻辑和BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的调用。我在这里会简单说明，详细的请参考BeanPostProcessor后置处理器原理与应用和Spring处理循环依赖原理

beforeSingletonCreation方法是有逻辑的，关键在于singletonsCurrentlyInCreation集合，它缓存的是正在创建的beanName，这个集合中的beanName表示正在创建中，一旦创建完成会删除，就是在这里添加的当前正在创建的beanName，这个集合与解决循环依赖有关。

protected void beforeSingletonCreation(String beanName) {
   if (!this.inCreationCheckExclusions.contains(beanName) && !this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.add(beanName)) {
      throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
   }
}

接下来关注的代码就是singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();，就是上面提到的回调方法，我们直接去回调方法查看。

protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
      throws BeanCreationException {

   if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
      logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
   }
   RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;

   // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and
   // clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class
   // which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition.
   Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
   if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
      mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
      mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
   }

   // Prepare method overrides.
   try {
      mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
   }
   catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
      throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
            beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
   }

   try {
      // Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
      Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
      if (bean != null) {
         return bean;
      }
   }
   catch (Throwable ex) {
      throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
            "BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
   }

   try {
      Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
      if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
         logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
      }
      return beanInstance;
   }
   catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
      // A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
      // or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
      throw ex;
   }
   catch (Throwable ex) {
      throw new BeanCreationException(
            mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
   }
}

1. 处理methodOverrides属性

mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();处理重写方法逻辑，与bean的methodOverrides属性有关

2. 调用后置处理器的postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法

  // Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
  Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
  if (bean != null) {
     return bean;
  }

这句代码与bean的后置处理器有关，上面的注释很关键，他是说给后置处理器一个机会，返回一个代理的bean实例，这个方法返回的bean不是null，直接当前方法直接return，不会执行下面的任何逻辑。那就是说创建bean的逻辑在resolveBeforeInstantiation方法中执行的。

protected Object resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
   Object bean = null;
   if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved)) {
      // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
      if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
         Class<?> targetType = determineTargetType(beanName, mbd);
         if (targetType != null) {
            bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(targetType, beanName);
            if (bean != null) {
               bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(bean, beanName);
            }
         }
      }
      mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved = (bean != null);
   }
   return bean;
}

这段逻辑就是找到容器中当前bean的后置处理器，然后执行后置处理器的postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法。

3. 创建bean

接下来看Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);

protected Object doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
      throws BeanCreationException {

   // Instantiate the bean.
   BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
   if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
      instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
   }
   if (instanceWrapper == null) {
      instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
   }
   Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
   Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
   if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
      mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
   }

   // Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
   synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
      if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
         try {
            applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
         }
         catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                  "Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
         }
         mbd.postProcessed = true;
      }
   }

   // Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
   // even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
   boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
         isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
   if (earlySingletonExposure) {
      if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
         logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
               "' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
      }
      addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
   }

   // Initialize the bean instance.
   Object exposedObject = bean;
   try {
      populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
      exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
   }
   catch (Throwable ex) {
      if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
         throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
      }
      else {
         throw new BeanCreationException(
               mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
      }
   }

   if (earlySingletonExposure) {
      Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
      if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
         if (exposedObject == bean) {
            exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
         }
         else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
            String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
            Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
            for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
               if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
                  actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
               }
            }
            if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
               throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
                     "Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
                     StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
                     "] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
                     "wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
                     "bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
                     "'getBeanNamesForType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
            }
         }
      }
   }

   // Register bean as disposable.
   try {
      registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
   }
   catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
      throw new BeanCreationException(
            mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
   }

   return exposedObject;
}

从头开始分析，首先是从工厂bean的缓存中获取，工厂bean缓存中不存在的话，开始实例化bean

BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
   instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
   instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}

分析了这么长时间，下面的方法才是真正实例化的代码

protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
   // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
   Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);

   if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
      throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
            "Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
   }

   Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
   if (instanceSupplier != null) {
      return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
   }

   if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
      return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
   }

   //这部分判断当前的beanDefinition是否被解析过，如果解析过，不重复解析
   //其实这里主要是解析，当前的bean的构造函数是否是有参的，如果是有参的要确定
   //参数的个数以及参数的类型信息，因为spring的依赖注入是可以通过构造函数注入的
   boolean resolved = false;
   boolean autowireNecessary = false;
   if (args == null) {
      synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
         if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
            resolved = true;
            autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
         }
      }
   }
    
   //通过有参构造函数实例化，并且是解析过的构造器
   if (resolved) {
      if (autowireNecessary) {
         return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);  
      }
      else {
         return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);  
      }
   }

   //需要根据参数解析构造器
   Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
   if (ctors != null || mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
         mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
      return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
   }

   // Preferred constructors for default construction?
   ctors = mbd.getPreferredConstructors();
   if (ctors != null) {
      return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, null);
   }

   // No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
   return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd); //无参构造函数实例化
}

这部分代码之说一下思路，具体实现太复杂，我也没完全看下去，手动狗头。

• 先确定bean的类型
• 存在Supplier属性，通过Supplier实例化
• 存在工厂方法，通过工厂方法实例化，这里的工厂方法不是实现了FactoryBean的类，是正常Bean的factory-method属性
• 如果构造器参数是解析过的，通过构造器参数是否需要自动注入来分别实例化
• 如果没解析过的，解析构造器参数个数以及类型并缓存，然后实例化
• 如果存在PreferredConstructors属性，通过PreferredConstructors指定的过早期实例化
• 如果是无参构造器，直接实例化

到当前位置，bean已经被实例化。我们回去整理下思路，看一下执行到什么地方。

当前执行的位置是AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类的createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)方法，在方法中Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);代码，又进去了这个方法的实现逻辑，分析的是这个方法的前几行代码，我们这个位置继续向下分析。来到了这段代码

synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
   if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
      try {
         applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
      }
      catch (Throwable ex) {
         throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
               "Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
      }
      mbd.postProcessed = true;
   }
}

protected void applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(RootBeanDefinition mbd, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) {
   for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
      if (bp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
         MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor bdp = (MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) bp;
         bdp.postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanType, beanName);
      }
   }
}

这里就是调用后置处理器的postProcessMergedBeanDefinition方法，这个方法在MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor接口定义，MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor是PostProcessor的子接口，在spring框架中有几个实现

• ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
• RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
• InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
• CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
• AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
• ApplicationListenerDetector

这里我们只分析其中的AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类，他是处理bean的属性注入的通过@Autowired和@Value注解，另外提一下CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor这个类，这个类是spring的几个内置bean之一，在容器还未创建时就注册到了容器中，实现注册的逻辑在2.1.1.3章节有提到。

我们看一下AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类的postProcessMergedBeanDefinition方法。

@Override
public void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) {
   InjectionMetadata metadata = findAutowiringMetadata(beanName, beanType, null);
   metadata.checkConfigMembers(beanDefinition);
}

说明下代码的实现逻辑，第一行代码查找当前beanType中标记@Autowired，@Value以及如果支持JSR-330标准的话的@Inject注解修饰的方法，字段。第二行代码，就是将上一行解析的信息保存到beanDefinition，这里并没有实现依赖注入，依赖注入是在装配属性时实现的。

继续向下分析。

// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
      isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
   if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
      logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
            "' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
   }
   addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
}

protected void addSingletonFactory(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {
   Assert.notNull(singletonFactory, "Singleton factory must not be null");
   synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
      if (!this.singletonObjects.containsKey(beanName)) {
         this.singletonFactories.put(beanName, singletonFactory);
         this.earlySingletonObjects.remove(beanName);
         this.registeredSingletons.add(beanName);
      }
   }
}

这段代码是实现解析循环依赖的关键。我们先整体把握下初始化bean的大致流程。

• bean的类型解析成beanDefinition

• 实例化bean

• 解析依赖属性，封装属性，这就是依赖自定注入

• 初始化bean

在上面也提到过，实例化bean之前会标记当前的bean正在被创建，初始化完成后才会将标记清除。这段代码逻辑不复杂，我们关心的是他为什么这样设计？其实要重点关注上面这段代码执行的时机，为什么在这判断一下，这个时机比较关键，因为代码执行到这里时，bean已经被实例化了，就是说bean的地址已经确定，可以被其他bean引用，但是bean还没有被装配属性，当然不知道存不存在循环依赖。addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));就是将返回这个bean的地址的工厂方法加入到缓存中，如果存在循环依赖时，直接获取这个bean的地址。这就为什么在创建一个bean的开始，去缓存查找的原因。

继续向下，到了最后两步，装配属性和初始化bean。

Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
   populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);  //装配属性
   exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd); //初始化bean
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
   if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
      throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
   }
   else {
      throw new BeanCreationException(
            mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
   }
}

2.3.11.3.3.5 装配属性

先来看装配属性实现逻辑。

protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
   if (bw == null) {
      if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) {
         throw new BeanCreationException(
               mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
      }
      else {
         // Skip property population phase for null instance.
         return;
      }
   }

   // Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
   // state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
   // to support styles of field injection.
   if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
      for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
         if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
            InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
            if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
               return;
            }
         }
      }
   }

   PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null);

   int resolvedAutowireMode = mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode();
   if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME || resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
      MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
      // Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
      if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
         autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
      }
      // Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
      if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
         autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
      }
      pvs = newPvs;
   }

   boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
   boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != AbstractBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);

   PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = null;
   if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
      if (pvs == null) {
         pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
      }
      for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
         if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
            InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
            PropertyValues pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessProperties(pvs, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
            if (pvsToUse == null) {
               if (filteredPds == null) {
                  filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
               }
               pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
               if (pvsToUse == null) {
                  return;
               }
            }
            pvs = pvsToUse;
         }
      }
   }
   if (needsDepCheck) {
      if (filteredPds == null) {
         filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
      }
      checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
   }

   if (pvs != null) {
      applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
   }
}

代码主要分为一下步骤

• 调用后置处理器的实例化后处理方法
• 通过名称或类型解析属性依赖
• 对解析到的属性进行后置处理
• 对解析到的依赖属性检查
• 将属性注入到bean中

我们主要关注通过名称或类型解析依赖属性和将属性注入到bean中

int resolvedAutowireMode = mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode();
if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME || resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
   MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
   // Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
   if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
      autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
   }
   // Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
   if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
      autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
   }
   pvs = newPvs;
}

这里处理两种依赖解析的方式，通过名称和类型，其实还有一种通过构造器注入的方式，但是不在这里实现，上面已经处理完成，先来看一下通过名字注入的方式

protected void autowireByName(
      String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {

   String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);  //需要解析的依赖属性
   for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
      if (containsBean(propertyName)) {
         Object bean = getBean(propertyName);
         pvs.add(propertyName, bean);
         registerDependentBean(propertyName, beanName);
         if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Added autowiring by name from bean name '" + beanName +
                  "' via property '" + propertyName + "' to bean named '" + propertyName + "'");
         }
      }
      else {
         if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Not autowiring property '" + propertyName + "' of bean '" + beanName +
                  "' by name: no matching bean found");
         }
      }
   }
}

这个方法的逻辑简单，先获取当前bean的所有不是静态的简单属性，然后遍历，通过属性名来获取bean，然后加入到pvs，值得注意的时，这里其实出现了方法的递归调用，因为我们创建bean的入口方法就是getBean()方法，这里又调用了这个方法。继续看通过类型装配属性的方法。

protected void autowireByType(
      String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {

   TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
   if (converter == null) {
      converter = bw;
   }

   Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);
   String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
   for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
      try {
         PropertyDescriptor pd = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName);
         // Don't try autowiring by type for type Object: never makes sense,
         // even if it technically is a unsatisfied, non-simple property.
         if (Object.class != pd.getPropertyType()) {
            MethodParameter methodParam = BeanUtils.getWriteMethodParameter(pd);
            // Do not allow eager init for type matching in case of a prioritized post-processor.
            boolean eager = !(bw.getWrappedInstance() instanceof PriorityOrdered);
            DependencyDescriptor desc = new AutowireByTypeDependencyDescriptor(methodParam, eager);
            Object autowiredArgument = resolveDependency(desc, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, converter);
            if (autowiredArgument != null) {
               pvs.add(propertyName, autowiredArgument);
            }
            for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
               registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, beanName);
               if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                  logger.trace("Autowiring by type from bean name '" + beanName + "' via property '" +
                        propertyName + "' to bean named '" + autowiredBeanName + "'");
               }
            }
            autowiredBeanNames.clear();
         }
      }
      catch (BeansException ex) {
         throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, propertyName, ex);
      }
   }
}

大体上autowireByType方法与autowireByName方法差不多，都是先找到需要解析的依赖属性集合，然后遍历匹配，返回结果。但这里有一个值得注意的问题，通过名字来解析依赖很直接，因为容器中不可能存在同名的bean，所以只需要找到具体某个名字的bean即可，但是通过类型解析就不一样，因为容器中可能存在多个类型相同的bean，当然这可以通过注解指定首选bean（@Primary）的方式来确定，不然会报错。这不是最复杂的，因为还可能存在集合类型的依赖属性需要注入，例如数组，List，Map等类型，对于这些类型spring会将容器中所有符合的类型添加到集合中并注入。这就是这个方法中创建一个autowiredBeanNames的set的原因。

我们来看resolveDependency方法

public Object resolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String requestingBeanName,
      @Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException {

   descriptor.initParameterNameDiscovery(getParameterNameDiscoverer());
   if (Optional.class == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {  //处理Optional类型的依赖
      return createOptionalDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
   }
   else if (ObjectFactory.class == descriptor.getDependencyType() || 
         ObjectProvider.class == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {  //处理ObjectFactory和ObjectProvider类型的依赖
      return new DependencyObjectProvider(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
   }
   else if (javaxInjectProviderClass == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {  //处理javaxInjectProviderClass类型的依赖
      return new Jsr330Factory().createDependencyProvider(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
   }
   else {
      Object result = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getLazyResolutionProxyIfNecessary(
            descriptor, requestingBeanName);
      if (result == null) {
         result = doResolveDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);  //通用处理
      }
      return result;
   }
}

这个方法中对几种类型的依赖特殊处理，我们来看通用的处理方法。

public Object doResolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String beanName,
      @Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException {

   InjectionPoint previousInjectionPoint = ConstructorResolver.setCurrentInjectionPoint(descriptor);
   try {
      Object shortcut = descriptor.resolveShortcut(this);
      if (shortcut != null) {
         return shortcut;
      }

      Class<?> type = descriptor.getDependencyType();//获取依赖的类型
       
      //下面的逻辑处理@Value注解，该注解主要用于注入值类型的属性，应用比较多的时在springboot中，在@Value的直接中
      //传入表达式，将配置文件中的值直接注入到对象中，下面也实现了表达式的解析逻辑
      Object value = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getSuggestedValue(descriptor);
      if (value != null) {
         if (value instanceof String) {
            String strVal = resolveEmbeddedValue((String) value);
            BeanDefinition bd = (beanName != null && containsBean(beanName) ?
                  getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName) : null);
            value = evaluateBeanDefinitionString(strVal, bd);
         }
         TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
         try {
            return converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getTypeDescriptor());
         }
         catch (UnsupportedOperationException ex) {
            // A custom TypeConverter which does not support TypeDescriptor resolution...
            return (descriptor.getField() != null ?
                  converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getField()) :
                  converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getMethodParameter()));
         }
      }

      //处理多个bean的情形
      Object multipleBeans = resolveMultipleBeans(descriptor, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
      if (multipleBeans != null) {
         return multipleBeans;
      }

      //找到所有符合类型的候选bean
      Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);
      if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
         if (isRequired(descriptor)) {
            raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor);
         }
         return null;
      }

      String autowiredBeanName;
      Object instanceCandidate;

      //如果找到的bean超过一个的话
      if (matchingBeans.size() > 1) {
         //根据@Primary，@Priority的顺序来决定哪个bean符合条件
         autowiredBeanName = determineAutowireCandidate(matchingBeans, descriptor);
         if (autowiredBeanName == null) {
            if (isRequired(descriptor) || !indicatesMultipleBeans(type)) {
               return descriptor.resolveNotUnique(descriptor.getResolvableType(), matchingBeans);
            }
            else {
               // In case of an optional Collection/Map, silently ignore a non-unique case:
               // possibly it was meant to be an empty collection of multiple regular beans
               // (before 4.3 in particular when we didn't even look for collection beans).
               return null;
            }
         }
         instanceCandidate = matchingBeans.get(autowiredBeanName);
      }
      else {  //只找到一个
         // We have exactly one match.
         Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = matchingBeans.entrySet().iterator().next();
         autowiredBeanName = entry.getKey();
         instanceCandidate = entry.getValue();
      }

      if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
         autowiredBeanNames.add(autowiredBeanName);  //将找到的bean加入到autowiredBeanNames中
      }
      if (instanceCandidate instanceof Class) {
         instanceCandidate = descriptor.resolveCandidate(autowiredBeanName, type, this);
      }
      Object result = instanceCandidate;
      if (result instanceof NullBean) {  //如果找到的是null，检查需要注入的bean是否可以缺省，默认是不可以缺省的，可以通过@Required注解来决定是否可以缺省
         if (isRequired(descriptor)) {
            raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor);
         }
         result = null;
      }
      if (!ClassUtils.isAssignableValue(type, result)) {
         throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(autowiredBeanName, type, instanceCandidate.getClass());
      }
      return result;
   }
   finally {
      ConstructorResolver.setCurrentInjectionPoint(previousInjectionPoint);
   }
}

处理数组，集合，接口或者Map类型的属性依赖，处理过程大致相同，都是先确定元素的类型，然后查找容器中所有该类型的对象，将查找到的对象加入到autowiredBeanNames集合，如果实现了comparator接口，再排一下序。

private Object resolveMultipleBeans(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String beanName,
      @Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) {

   Class<?> type = descriptor.getDependencyType();

   //Stream类型的属性特殊处理
   if (descriptor instanceof StreamDependencyDescriptor) {
      Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);
      if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
         autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
      }
      Stream<Object> stream = matchingBeans.keySet().stream()
            .map(name -> descriptor.resolveCandidate(name, type, this))
            .filter(bean -> !(bean instanceof NullBean));
      if (((StreamDependencyDescriptor) descriptor).isOrdered()) {
         stream = stream.sorted(adaptOrderComparator(matchingBeans));
      }
      return stream;
   }
   //处理数组类型的属性
   else if (type.isArray()) {
      Class<?> componentType = type.getComponentType();
      ResolvableType resolvableType = descriptor.getResolvableType();
      Class<?> resolvedArrayType = resolvableType.resolve(type);
      if (resolvedArrayType != type) {
         componentType = resolvableType.getComponentType().resolve();
      }
      if (componentType == null) {
         return null;
      }
      Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, componentType,
            new MultiElementDescriptor(descriptor));
      if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
         return null;
      }
      if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
         autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
      }
      TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
      Object result = converter.convertIfNecessary(matchingBeans.values(), resolvedArrayType);
      if (result instanceof Object[]) {
         Comparator<Object> comparator = adaptDependencyComparator(matchingBeans);
         if (comparator != null) {
            Arrays.sort((Object[]) result, comparator);
         }
      }
      return result;
   }
   //处理集合或者接口类型的属性
   else if (Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(type) && type.isInterface()) {
      Class<?> elementType = descriptor.getResolvableType().asCollection().resolveGeneric();
      if (elementType == null) {
         return null;
      }
      Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, elementType,
            new MultiElementDescriptor(descriptor));
      if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
         return null;
      }
      if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
         autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
      }
      TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
      Object result = converter.convertIfNecessary(matchingBeans.values(), type);
      if (result instanceof List) {
         if (((List<?>) result).size() > 1) {
            Comparator<Object> comparator = adaptDependencyComparator(matchingBeans);
            if (comparator != null) {
               ((List<?>) result).sort(comparator);
            }
         }
      }
      return result;
   }
    //处理Map类型的属性
   else if (Map.class == type) {
      ResolvableType mapType = descriptor.getResolvableType().asMap();
      Class<?> keyType = mapType.resolveGeneric(0);
      if (String.class != keyType) {
         return null;
      }
      Class<?> valueType = mapType.resolveGeneric(1);
      if (valueType == null) {
         return null;
      }
      Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, valueType,
            new MultiElementDescriptor(descriptor));
      if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
         return null;
      }
      if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
         autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
      }
      return matchingBeans;
   }
   else {
      return null;
   }
}

接下来处理执行处理属性的后置处理器

boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != AbstractBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);

PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = null;
if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
   if (pvs == null) {
      pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
   }
   for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
      if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
         InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
         PropertyValues pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessProperties(pvs, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
         if (pvsToUse == null) {
            if (filteredPds == null) {
               filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
            }
            pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
            if (pvsToUse == null) {
               return;
            }
         }
         pvs = pvsToUse;
      }
   }
}
if (needsDepCheck) {
   if (filteredPds == null) {
      filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
   }
   checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
}

最后装配属性

if (pvs != null) {
   applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
}

protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {
    if (pvs.isEmpty()) {
        return;
    }

    if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) {
        ((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext());
    }

    MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;
    List<PropertyValue> original;

    if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) {
        mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs;
        if (mpvs.isConverted()) {  //已经转换完成了，直接注入
            // Shortcut: use the pre-converted values as-is.
            try {
                bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs);
                return;
            }
            catch (BeansException ex) {
                throw new BeanCreationException(
                    mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
            }
        }
        original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList();
    }
    else {
        original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues());
    }

    TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
    if (converter == null) {
        converter = bw;
    }
    
    //下面的逻辑是转换依赖类型，为了不改变原有类型，这里采用深度复制，只是将转换后的依赖注入，不影响原有的容器中的bean
    BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter);

    // Create a deep copy, resolving any references for values.
    List<PropertyValue> deepCopy = new ArrayList<>(original.size());  
    boolean resolveNecessary = false;
    for (PropertyValue pv : original) {
        if (pv.isConverted()) {
            deepCopy.add(pv);
        }
        else {
            String propertyName = pv.getName();
            Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
            if (originalValue == AutowiredPropertyMarker.INSTANCE) {
                Method writeMethod = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName).getWriteMethod();
                if (writeMethod == null) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Autowire marker for property without write method: " + pv);
                }
                originalValue = new DependencyDescriptor(new MethodParameter(writeMethod, 0), true);
            }
            Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue);
            Object convertedValue = resolvedValue;
            boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) &&
                !PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName);
            if (convertible) {
                convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter);
            }
            // Possibly store converted value in merged bean definition,
            // in order to avoid re-conversion for every created bean instance.
            if (resolvedValue == originalValue) {
                if (convertible) {
                    pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
                }
                deepCopy.add(pv);
            }
            else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue &&
                     !((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() &&
                     !(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) {
                pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
                deepCopy.add(pv);
            }
            else {
                resolveNecessary = true;
                deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue));
            }
        }
    }
    if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) {
        mpvs.setConverted();
    }

    // Set our (possibly massaged) deep copy.
    try {
        bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy));
    }
    catch (BeansException ex) {
        throw new BeanCreationException(
            mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
    }
}

至此，依赖已经被解析注入到bean，接下来的就是初始化bean。

2.3.11.3.3.6 初始化bean

代码位置在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类的doCreateBean方法的exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);逻辑，我们进去方法内部看一下。

protected Object initializeBean(String beanName, Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
   if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
      AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
         invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
         return null;
      }, getAccessControlContext());
   }
   else {
      invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
   }

   Object wrappedBean = bean;
   if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
      wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
   }

   try {
      invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
   }
   catch (Throwable ex) {
      throw new BeanCreationException(
            (mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
            beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
   }
   if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
      wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
   }

   return wrappedBean;
}

这个方法的逻辑比较清晰，这里不再详细介绍，每个方法一目了然。

• 调用BeanNameAware方法
• 调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInitialization方法
• 调用InitializingBean的方法
• 调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization方法

至此，一个beanDefinition已经被初始化完成，我们跟踪代码已经走了好远，现在回头看一下调用的入口。创建bean的入口是在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类的createBean方法，而这个方法是在AbstractBeanFactory类的doGetBean方法中的下面代码调用的

if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
   sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
      try {
         return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
      }
      catch (BeansException ex) {
         // Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
         // eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
         // Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
         destroySingleton(beanName);
         throw ex;
      }
   });
   bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}

public Object getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {
   Assert.notNull(beanName, "Bean name must not be null");
   synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
      Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
      if (singletonObject == null) {
         if (this.singletonsCurrentlyInDestruction) {
            throw new BeanCreationNotAllowedException(beanName,
                  "Singleton bean creation not allowed while singletons of this factory are in destruction " +
                  "(Do not request a bean from a BeanFactory in a destroy method implementation!)");
         }
         if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Creating shared instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
         }
         beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
         boolean newSingleton = false;
         boolean recordSuppressedExceptions = (this.suppressedExceptions == null);
         if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
            this.suppressedExceptions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
         }
         try {
            singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
            newSingleton = true;
         }
         catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
            // Has the singleton object implicitly appeared in the meantime ->
            // if yes, proceed with it since the exception indicates that state.
            singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
            if (singletonObject == null) {
               throw ex;
            }
         }
         catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
            if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
               for (Exception suppressedException : this.suppressedExceptions) {
                  ex.addRelatedCause(suppressedException);
               }
            }
            throw ex;
         }
         finally {
            if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
               this.suppressedExceptions = null;
            }
            afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
         }
         if (newSingleton) {
            addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);
         }
      }
      return singletonObject;
   }
}

现在createBean回调方法执行完成，要继续执行的是调用createBean后面的代码，也就是getSingleton方法的afterSingletonCreation(beanName);和 addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);

protected void afterSingletonCreation(String beanName) {
   if (!this.inCreationCheckExclusions.contains(beanName) && !this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.remove(beanName)) {
      throw new IllegalStateException("Singleton '" + beanName + "' isn't currently in creation");
   }
}

这个方法就是将正在创建beanName从singletonsCurrentlyInCreation集合移除，清除正在创建的标志，因为当前bean已经被创建完成。

protected void addSingleton(String beanName, Object singletonObject) {
   synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
      this.singletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
      this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
      this.earlySingletonObjects.remove(beanName);
      this.registeredSingletons.add(beanName);
   }
}

addSingleton方法也是做一些缓存，清理工作。将已经创建好的bean加入到单例对象池和注册的代理对象池中缓存，将对象名从单例工厂中和提前暴漏的对象缓存中移除。

接下来我们看，AbstractBeanFactory类的doGetBean方法的下面逻辑。

protected <T> T doGetBean(
      String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType, @Nullable Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
      throws BeansException {
		//省略分析过的代码

         //这部分代码已经分析完毕
         if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
            sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
               try {
                  return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
               }
               catch (BeansException ex) {
                  // Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
                  // eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
                  // Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
                  destroySingleton(beanName);
                  throw ex;
               }
            });
            bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
         }

   		 //如果是原型作用域的话，直接创建bean
         else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
            // It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
            Object prototypeInstance = null;
            try {
               beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
               prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
            }
            finally {
               afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
            }
            bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
         }

    	 //其他作用域，包括request、session、global session
         else {
            String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
            if (!StringUtils.hasLength(scopeName)) {
               throw new IllegalStateException("No scope name defined for bean ´" + beanName + "'");
            }
            Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
            if (scope == null) {
               throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
            }
            try {
               Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
                  beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                  try {
                     return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                  }
                  finally {
                     afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                  }
               });
               bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
            }
            catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
               throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
                     "Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
                     "defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
                     ex);
            }
         }
      }
      catch (BeansException ex) {
         cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
         throw ex;
      }
   }

   // Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
   if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
      try {
         T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
         if (convertedBean == null) {
            throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
         }
         return convertedBean;
      }
      catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
         if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
                  ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
         }
         throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
      }
   }
   return (T) bean;
}

2.3.12 发布事件（finishRefresh()）

到了刷新容器的最后一步

protected void finishRefresh() {
   // Clear context-level resource caches (such as ASM metadata from scanning).
   clearResourceCaches();

   //初始化生命周期处理器，这里注册了一个名称为lifecycleProcessor的实现LifecycleProcessor接口的bean
   initLifecycleProcessor();

   //执行生命周期处理器的第一步
   getLifecycleProcessor().onRefresh();

   //发布上下文刷新事件
   publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));

   // Participate in LiveBeansView MBean, if active.
   LiveBeansView.registerApplicationContext(this);
}

4 总结

经过漫长的代码追踪，分析，spring启动的代码流程基本分析完成。这其中涉及的spring相关的内容非常多，但是还有好多功能没有涉及，例如aop，但是spring的主体思路已经出来了，未涉及的内容也是在此基础上的扩展实现，如果本文理解清楚的话，spring的其他应用也会相应的理解比较轻松，包括springboot，springcloud相关的知识。

最后，希望看到最后的你能有所收获，对于文中的不准确的地方，请多指教，我们一起加油！！！