编写一个正确反转字典的键和值的功能-每个键(原始值)应映射到映射到它的一组值(原始键)

fooddic = {"apple":"fruit","peach":"fruit","orange":"fruit","tomato":"vegetable","potato":"vegetable"}

#使用函数式表达式
#当字典中有两个相同的键时此方法失败
{value: key for key, value in fooddic.items()}

#使用标准库中的 defaultdict 模块中有一个数据结构 collections
from collections import defaultdict

d=defaultdict(list)#该数据结构为字典,且字典中的值的类型是列表
for k,v in fooddic.items():
    d[v] .append(k)
d

#不使用collections,交换字典的键值对,将相同的键对应的值保留在一个列表中
d = {}
for k, v in fooddic.items():
    if v not in d.keys():
        d[v] = [k]
    else:
        d[v].append(k)       
d

 

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