Spring MVC入门(暂定稿)

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-28 20:30:00 发布

ChuandongTan

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-28 20:30:00 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ChuandongTan/article/details/108771396

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1 简介

Springmvc : 是Spring框架的一个模块，实现了Web的MVC请求。Spring3.0推出的。

Structs2（Filter） SpringMVC(Servlet)

Hibernate MyBatis

Mvc的工作流程

JavaWeb-----url-pattern-----Servlet(service)

springmvc---dispatcherservlet------通过HandlerMapping（找对应的处理器）-----处理器适配器(统一调度)-----处理器

mvc分为配置开发和注解开发

Handler处理器:

Controller

HttpRequestHandler

AbstractController

使用mvc需要导入的jar包

1 注解开发

下面两种方法最终底层都是实现的controller

web.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>Spring-mvc</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <servlet>
  <servlet-name>spring_mvc</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <!-- 指定spring mvc配置文件位置 -->
  <init-param>
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
  </init-param>
  
  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>spring_mvc</servlet-name>
  <!-- 
  官方建议使用 *.do (三阶段使用这个)
  不能用/*
  可以使用/,支持restful风格
   -->
  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

controller

package com.woniu.comtroller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
//实现Controller
public class Mycontroller implements Controller{

	@Override
	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
	
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("qwe", "123123qwe");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		System.out.println(ve);
		return ve;
	}

}

第一种配置方法

Spring mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
	<bean id="/mycontroller.do" class="com.woniu.comtroller.Mycontroller">
	</bean>
</beans>

第二种配置方法

HandlerMapping处理器映射器

Spring mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
	<!-- 如果有多个请求路径 ,掉用同一个处理器有两种方法
	方法一:缺点:多个请求路径使用同一个处理器,配置一个comtroller的多个bean
		<bean id="/mycontroller.do" class="com.woniu.comtroller.Mycontroller"/>
	<bean id="/you.do" class="com.woniu.comtroller.Mycontroller"/>
	方法二  不同路径调用同一个bean
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMappings">
	<property name="urlMap">
	<map>
	<entry key="/mycontroller.do" value-ref="mycontroller"></entry>
	<entry key="/you.do" value-ref="mycontroller"></entry>
	</map>
	</property>
	</bean>
	-->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
	<property name="urlMap">
	<map>
	<entry key="/mycontroller.do" value-ref="mycontroller"></entry>
	<entry key="/you.do" value-ref="mycontroller"></entry>
	</map>
	</property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 创建mycontroller对象 -->
	<bean id="mycontroller" class="com.woniu.comtroller.Mycontroller"/>
	<!-- 默认的处理器映射器   bean的id就代表请求路径 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
</beans>

2 HandlerAdapter(处理器适配器)

SpringMMV框架通过处理适配器调用处理器，底层使用的适配器模式,为不同接口提供一种统一的调用方式

处理器适配器不用自己配置，框架会根据处理器的类型自动选择对应的处理器适配器

1 实现了Controller接口的处理器都使用SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter调用

2 MultiActionController:支持在一个处理器执行多个处理方法(通过请求来访问不同的方法)

Mycontroller代码:

package com.woniu.comtroller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController;

public class Mycontroller2 extends MultiActionController{

	
	public ModelAndView dofirst(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("dofirst");
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("qwe", "dofirst");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		System.out.println(ve);
		return ve;
	}
	public ModelAndView dosecond(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("dosecond");
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("qwe", "dosecond");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		System.out.println(ve);
		return ve;
	}
	public ModelAndView dothird(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("dothird");
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("qwe", "dothird");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		System.out.println(ve);
		return ve;
	}
	public ModelAndView dofourth(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("dofourth");
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("qwe", "dofourth");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		System.out.println(ve);
		return ve;
	}
	public ModelAndView dofifth(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("dofifth");
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("qwe", "dofifth");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		System.out.println(ve);
		return ve;
	}
}

3 注解开发

web.xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>Spring-mvc-annotation</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
   <servlet>
  <servlet-name>spring_mvc</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <!-- 指定spring mvc配置文件位置 -->
  <init-param>
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>Spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
  </init-param>
  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>spring_mvc</servlet-name>
  <!-- 
  官方建议使用 *.do (三阶段使用这个)
  不能用/*
  可以使用/,支持restful风格
   -->
  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
<!-- 设置post请求的编码格式 通过过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>my_filter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>my_filter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

</web-app>

Spring-mvc.xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
      	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
      <!-- 包扫描 -->	
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.woniu.conroller"/>
</beans>

mycontroller 代码:

package com.woniu.conroller;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.woniu.entity.Users;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/my")//命名空间
public class controller_annotation {
	
	//多个路径使用同一个
	@RequestMapping(value={"/dofirst.do","/dothred.do"})
	public ModelAndView reqs(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse res,Users user) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("reqs"+user);
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("ewq", "dofirst");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		return ve;
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/doscecond.do")
	public ModelAndView doscecond(Users user) {
		System.out.println("doscecond"+user);
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("ewq", "doscecond");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		return ve;
	}
	//  *为任意层  *这一层必须得加不然请求不到     /*/doscecond1.do
	@RequestMapping("/*/doscecond1.do")
	public ModelAndView doscecond1(Users user) {
		System.out.println("doscecond1"+user);
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("ewq", "doscecond1");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		return ve;
	}
	
//  my/**(任意层,可以没有)/doscecond2.do
	@RequestMapping("/**/doscecond2.do")
	public ModelAndView doscecond2(Users user) {
		System.out.println("doscecond2"+user);
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("ewq", "doscecond2");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		return ve;
	}
	
	//所有已dot开头请求的都走这里
	@RequestMapping("/doto*.do")
	public ModelAndView dotongpei(Users user) {
		System.out.println("dotongpei"+user);
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("ewq", "dotongpei");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		return ve;
	}
	//限定请求类型(这是选的是post 就只能处理post请求)
	@RequestMapping(value="/doxianding.do",method=RequestMethod.POST )
	public ModelAndView doxianding(Users user) {
		System.out.println("doxianding"+user);
		ModelAndView ve=new ModelAndView();
		ve.addObject("ewq", "doxianding");
		ve.setViewName("/a.jsp");
		return ve;
	}
}

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Spring MVC入门(暂定稿)

1 简介Springmvc : 是Spring框架的一个模块，实现了Web的MVC请求。Spring3.0推出的。Structs2（Filter） SpringMVC(Servlet)Hibernate MyBatis
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