关于Servlet类以及其子类的方法理解

• Servlet是个接口，定义规范
• GenericServlet 实现了Servlet接口，有很多空实现
• HttpService 继承了GenericServlet，重写了service()方法

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由于service()方法要根据客户端的请求类型（GET/POST）来处理请求，就需要判断其请求类型从而调用doGet() 或doPost()方法处理请求。

HttpService源码关于service()方法如下：

1. 先强转类型，因为Servlet类没有getMethod()方法，而只有调用这个方法才能知道请求类型。
2. 调用另一个service()方法从而判断其类型，然后调用其类型相应的处理方法。

   ​
   public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
           HttpServletRequest request;
           HttpServletResponse response;
           try {
               request = (HttpServletRequest)req;
               response = (HttpServletResponse)res;
           } catch (ClassCastException var6) {
               throw new ServletException("non-HTTP request or response");
           }
   
           this.service(request, response);
       }
   
   
   protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
           String method = req.getMethod();
           long lastModified;
           if (method.equals("GET")) {
               lastModified = this.getLastModified(req);
               if (lastModified == -1L) {
                   this.doGet(req, resp);
               } else {
                   long ifModifiedSince;
                   try {
                       ifModifiedSince = req.getDateHeader("If-Modified-Since");
                   } catch (IllegalArgumentException var9) {
                       ifModifiedSince = -1L;
                   }
   
                   if (ifModifiedSince < lastModified / 1000L * 1000L) {
                       this.maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
                       this.doGet(req, resp);
                   } else {
                       resp.setStatus(304);
                   }
               }
           } else if (method.equals("HEAD")) {
               lastModified = this.getLastModified(req);
               this.maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
               this.doHead(req, resp);
           } else if (method.equals("POST")) {
               this.doPost(req, resp);
           } else if (method.equals("PUT")) {
               this.doPut(req, resp);
           } else if (method.equals("DELETE")) {
               this.doDelete(req, resp);
           } else if (method.equals("OPTIONS")) {
               this.doOptions(req, resp);
           } else if (method.equals("TRACE")) {
               this.doTrace(req, resp);
           } else {
               String errMsg = lStrings.getString("http.method_not_implemented");
               Object[] errArgs = new Object[]{method};
               errMsg = MessageFormat.format(errMsg, errArgs);
               resp.sendError(501, errMsg);
           }
   
       }
   
   ​

   下面是实现代码：

   public class HelloServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
   
       @Override
       protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
           System.out.println("GET!!");
       }
   
       @Override
       protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
           System.out.println("POST!!");
       }
   
       @Override
       protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
           System.out.println("重写参数类型为HttpServletRequest的Service类导致不再判断请求类型，也就不会执行上面重写的doPost()或doGet()方法");
       }
   }

   结果自然执行的是重写的service()的输出语句。