[Android][RecyclerView]实现RecyclerView的滚动背景

实现原理：使用RecyclerView.ItemDecoration 将图片绘制在RV的canvas中，即可。

1、应用

public static class MainActivity() {

   @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        .....
        recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.dy_rv_id);
         ....
        bgDecoration = new ScrollBgRvItemDecoration(this, 0, 0, false, 1800);
        recyclerView.addItemDecoration(bgDecoration, 0);
    }

    //使用网络图片设为RV背景图
private void updateBg() {
    
        Glide.with(getApplicationContext()).load(url).into(new SimpleTarget<Drawable>() {
            @Override
            public void onResourceReady(@NonNull Drawable resource, @Nullable Transition<? super Drawable> transition) {

bgDecoration.setBackground(drawableToBitmap(DynamicRVActivity.this.getApplicationContext(), resource), 0, false, 1500);
                if(adapter != null) {
                    //ItemDecoration的颜色变了，需要通知adapter刷新
                    adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                }
            }
        });

/**
     * drawable转bitmap
     * @param destWidth 指定destWidth的原因：若直接根据drawable.getIntrinsicWidth生成的bitmap比较模糊，自定义的destWidth按比例生成bitmap是高清的
     */
    public static Bitmap drawableToBitmap(Drawable drawable, int destWidth) {
        if(drawable == null) return null;
        try {
            int w = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();
            int h = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();
            destWidth = destWidth == 0 ? w : destWidth;
            int destHeight = destWidth * h / w;
            Bitmap.Config config =
                    drawable.getOpacity() != PixelFormat.OPAQUE ? Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888
                            : Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
            Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(destWidth, destHeight, config);
            //注意，下面三行代码要用到，否在在View或者surfaceview里的canvas.drawBitmap会看不到图
            Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
            drawable.setBounds(0, 0, destWidth, destHeight);
            drawable.draw(canvas);
            return bitmap;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

}

2、核心代码：ScrollBgRvItemDecoration

public class ScrollBgRvItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
    private static final String TAG = "ScrollBgRvItemDecoration";
    private Bitmap mBmp;
    private Paint mBmpPaint;
    private Paint mColorPaint;
    private Rect srcRect;
    private Rect desRect;
    private int bmpHeight;
    private int bmWidth;
    SparseArray<Integer> sparseArray;
    private int mDefaultBmpRes; //默认背景图片的resId
    private int mDefaultColorRes;  //默认背景色的resId
    private boolean mBmpRepeat;  //是否重复画背景图
    private int mShowBmpHeight;  //图片渲染的高度, 当bmpRepeat=false,才生效
    private boolean isDefaultBm = false;
    protected Context mContext;


    private Integer firstTop;
    private int childCount;
    private View firstView;
    private View preView;
    private View nowView;
    private Integer lastScrollY;
    private Integer nowScrollY;


    /**
     * RV的滚动背景
     * 支持2种样式:
     * 1、图片平铺(defaultBmpRes, bmpRepeat为true)
     * 2、图片(defaultBmpRes)渲染一次，其他区域用颜色(defaultColorRes)渲染 ==> bmpRepeat为false, 若showBmpHeight < BmpHeight,则裁剪底部图片; 若showBmpHeight >= BmpHeight,则只展示BmpHeight高度
     *
     * @param defaultBmpRes 默认背景图片的resId
     * @param defaultColorRes 默认背景色的resId
     * @param bmpRepeat 是否重复画背景图
     * @param showBmpHeight 图片渲染的高度, 当bmpRepeat=false,才生效
     * */
    public ScrollBgRvItemDecoration(Context context, int defaultBmpRes, int defaultColorRes, boolean bmpRepeat, int showBmpHeight) {
        this.mContext = context;
        this.mDefaultBmpRes = defaultBmpRes;
        this.mDefaultColorRes = defaultColorRes == 0 ? R.color.white : defaultColorRes;
        this.mBmpRepeat = bmpRepeat;
        this.mShowBmpHeight = showBmpHeight;

        restoreDefaultBm();
        mBmpPaint = new Paint();
        mBmpPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        srcRect = new Rect();
        desRect = new Rect();
        sparseArray = new SparseArray<>();
        mColorPaint = new Paint();
        mColorPaint.setColor(context.getResources().getColor(this.mDefaultColorRes));
        mColorPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mColorPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
    }

    private Bitmap getBitmap(int vectorDrawableId) {
        Log.i("zql1" , "getBitmap");
        try {
            Bitmap bitmap;
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
                Drawable vectorDrawable = mContext.getDrawable(vectorDrawableId);
                bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(vectorDrawable.getIntrinsicWidth(),
                        vectorDrawable.getIntrinsicHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
                Log.i("zql1","bitmap-width:" + vectorDrawable.getIntrinsicWidth() +"; height:" + vectorDrawable.getIntrinsicHeight()+";size:" + bitmap.getByteCount());
                Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
                vectorDrawable.setBounds(0, 0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight());
                Log.i("zql1","canvas-width:" + canvas.getWidth() +"; height:" + canvas.getHeight());
                vectorDrawable.draw(canvas);
            } else {
                bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(mContext.getResources(), vectorDrawableId);
            }
            return bitmap;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            return null;
        }
    }

    public void setBackground(Bitmap bmp, int colorResId, boolean isBmpRepeat, int showBmpHeight) {
        if (this.mBmp != null) {
            this.mBmp.recycle();
            this.mBmp = null;
        }

        this.mBmp = bmp;
        this.mBmpRepeat = isBmpRepeat;
        this.mShowBmpHeight = showBmpHeight;
        if(mBmp != null) {
            bmpHeight = bmp.getHeight();
            bmWidth = bmp.getWidth();
        }
        if(colorResId != 0) {
            mColorPaint.setColor(mContext.getResources().getColor(colorResId));
        }
        clearMap();
    }


    private synchronized void clearMap() {
        sparseArray.clear();
    }

    private void restoreDefaultBm() {
        if (this.mBmp != null) {
            this.mBmp.recycle();
            this.mBmp = null;
        }

        if(mDefaultBmpRes == 0) {
            return;
        }
        this.mBmp = getBitmap(mDefaultBmpRes);

        if(this.mBmp == null) return;

        bmpHeight = mBmp.getHeight();
        bmWidth = mBmp.getWidth();
    }

    @Override
    public void onDraw(Canvas canvas, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.onDraw(canvas, parent, state);
//        try {
            if (this.mBmp == null || mShowBmpHeight == 0) {
                drawOnlyColor(canvas, parent, state);
                return;
            }

            childCount = parent.getChildCount();
            Log.i("zql", "onDraw---childCount:" + childCount);
            if (childCount == 0) {
                firstTop = 0;
            } else {
                firstView = parent.getChildAt(0);
                int position = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(firstView);
                if (sparseArray.size() == 0) {
                    firstTop = 0;
                    sparseArray.put(position, 0);
                } else {
                    firstTop = sparseArray.get(position);
                }
                if (firstTop != null) {
                    Integer preScrollY = firstTop;
                    for (int index = 1, nowPos = position + 1; index < childCount; index++, nowPos++) {
                        Integer nowScroll = sparseArray.get(nowPos);
                        if (nowScroll == null) {
                            preView = parent.getChildAt(index - 1);
                            if (preView == null) {
                                break;
                            }
                            nowScroll = preScrollY + preView.getHeight();
                            sparseArray.put(nowPos, nowScroll);
                        }
                        preScrollY = nowScroll;
                    }
                } else {
                    int lastIndex = childCount - 1;
                    int lastPos = position + lastIndex;
                    lastScrollY = sparseArray.get(lastPos);
                    for (int index = lastIndex - 1, nowPos = lastPos - 1; index >= 0; index--, nowPos--) {
                        Integer nowScrollY = sparseArray.get(nowPos);
                        if (nowScrollY == null) {
                            if (lastScrollY != null) {
                                nowView = parent.getChildAt(index);
                                if (nowView == null) {
                                    break;
                                }
                                nowScrollY = lastScrollY - nowView.getHeight();
                                sparseArray.put(nowPos, nowScrollY);
                            }
                        }
                        lastScrollY = nowScrollY;
                    }
                    firstTop = sparseArray.get(position);
                }


                if (firstTop == null) {
                    firstTop = 0;
                } else {
                    firstTop -= firstView.getTop();
                }
            }
            Log.i("zql", "firstTop:" + firstTop + "lastScrollY: " + lastScrollY + ";sparseArray:" + new Gson().toJson(sparseArray));


            int totalHeight = parent.getHeight();
            int totalWidth = parent.getWidth();

            float screenRate = (float) totalHeight / totalWidth;
            float widthRate = (float) totalWidth / bmWidth;

            int bmShowHeightNoRepeat = Math.round(bmWidth * mShowBmpHeight / totalWidth);
            int bmShowTotalHeight = Math.round(bmWidth * screenRate);
            int bmStart = Math.round(firstTop / widthRate);
            int bmTotalEnd = bmStart + bmShowTotalHeight;

            int nowStart = bmStart;
            int nowPage = floorDiv(nowStart, bmpHeight);
            int lastPage = floorDiv(bmTotalEnd, bmpHeight);

            int srcStart;
            int srcEnd;
            int desStart = 0;
            int desEnd;
            Log.d("zql", "totalHeight/totalWidth:" + totalHeight + "/" + totalWidth + ";screenRate/widthRate:" + screenRate + "/" + widthRate + ";bmWidth:" + bmWidth + "; bmHeight:" + bmpHeight);
            Log.d("zql", "bmShowTotalHeight:" + bmShowTotalHeight + ";bmStart:" + bmStart + ";bmTotalEnd:" + bmTotalEnd + "; nowStart:" + nowStart + "; nowPage:" + nowPage + "; lastPage:" + lastPage);
            Log.d("zql", "nowPage:" + nowPage + ";lastPage:" + lastPage);
            while (nowPage <= lastPage) {
                int pageEndHeight = (nowPage + 1) * bmpHeight;
                Log.d("zql", "nowPage:" + nowPage + "; bmTotalEnd:" + bmTotalEnd + ";pageEndHeight:" + pageEndHeight);
                if (bmTotalEnd < pageEndHeight) {//图片未超出屏幕
                    srcStart = floorMod(nowStart, bmpHeight);
                    srcEnd = floorMod(bmTotalEnd, bmpHeight);
                    desEnd = totalHeight;
                    nowStart = bmTotalEnd;
                } else if (bmTotalEnd == pageEndHeight) {
                    srcStart = floorMod(nowStart, bmpHeight);
                    srcEnd = bmpHeight;
                    desEnd = totalHeight;
                    nowStart = bmTotalEnd;
                } else {
                    srcStart = floorMod(nowStart, bmpHeight);
                    srcEnd = bmpHeight;
                    desEnd = desStart + (int) ((srcEnd - srcStart) * widthRate);
                    nowStart = pageEndHeight;
                }

                srcRect.left = 0;
                srcRect.top = srcStart;
                srcRect.right = bmWidth;
                srcRect.bottom = srcEnd;

                desRect.left = 0;
                desRect.top = desStart;
                desRect.right = totalWidth;
                desRect.bottom = desEnd;
                Log.d("zql", "nowPage:" + nowPage + ";srcRect:[0," + srcStart + "," + bmWidth + "," + srcEnd + "], desRect:[0," + desStart + "," + totalWidth + "," + desEnd + "]");

                if (mBmpRepeat) {
                    //图片循环渲染
                    canvas.drawBitmap(mBmp, srcRect, desRect, mBmpPaint);
                } else {
                    //图片只渲染一次
                    if (bmpHeight <= bmShowHeightNoRepeat) {
                        if (nowPage == 0) {
                            canvas.drawBitmap(mBmp, srcRect, desRect, mBmpPaint);
                        } else {
                            canvas.drawRect(0, desStart, totalWidth, totalHeight, mColorPaint);
                        }
                    } else {
                        if (nowPage == 0) {
                            if (srcStart > bmShowHeightNoRepeat) {
                                //纯画color
                                canvas.drawRect(0, desStart, totalWidth, totalHeight, mColorPaint);
                            } else if (srcStart < bmShowHeightNoRepeat && srcEnd > bmShowHeightNoRepeat) {
                                //一半画图，一半画color
                                srcRect.top = srcStart;
                                srcRect.bottom = bmShowHeightNoRepeat;
                                desRect.top = desStart;
                                desRect.bottom = mShowBmpHeight % totalHeight;
                                canvas.drawBitmap(mBmp, srcRect, desRect, mBmpPaint);
                                canvas.drawRect(0, mShowBmpHeight % totalHeight, totalWidth, totalHeight, mColorPaint);
                            } else {
                                //只画图
                                canvas.drawBitmap(mBmp, srcRect, desRect, mBmpPaint);
                            }
                        } else {
                            canvas.drawRect(0, desStart, totalWidth, totalHeight, mColorPaint);
                        }
                    }
                }

                desStart = desEnd;
                nowPage++;
            }
//        } catch (Exception ex) {
//            ex.printStackTrace();
//        }

    }

    private void drawOnlyColor(Canvas canvas, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state){
        canvas.drawRect(0, 0, parent.getWidth(), parent.getHeight(), mColorPaint);
    }

    private int floorDiv(int nowStart, int bmpHeight) {
        return (int) Math.floor((double) nowStart / bmpHeight);
    }

    public int floorMod(int x, int y) {
        int r = x - floorDiv(x, y) * y;
        return r;
    }

}