题目:
Given an array nums, there is a sliding window of size k which is moving from the very left of the array to the very right. You can only see the k numbers in the window. Each time the sliding window moves right by one position.
For example,
Given nums = [1,3,-1,-3,5,3,6,7]
, and k = 3.
Window position Max --------------- ----- [1 3 -1] -3 5 3 6 7 3 1 [3 -1 -3] 5 3 6 7 3 1 3 [-1 -3 5] 3 6 7 5 1 3 -1 [-3 5 3] 6 7 5 1 3 -1 -3 [5 3 6] 7 6 1 3 -1 -3 5 [3 6 7] 7
Therefore, return the max sliding window as [3,3,5,5,6,7]
.
Note:
You may assume k is always valid, ie: 1 ≤ k ≤ input array's size for non-empty array.
Follow up:
Could you solve it in linear time?
Hint:
- How about using a data structure such as deque (double-ended queue)?
- The queue size need not be the same as the window’s size.
- Remove redundant elements and the queue should store only elements that need to be considered.
class Solution {
public:
vector<int> maxSlidingWindow(vector<int>& nums, int k) {
vector<int> res;
int n = nums.size();
if (nums.empty() || k <= 0 || k > n) return res;
deque<int> deq;//deq表示元素在nums中的位置
deq.push_back(0);
for (int i = 1; i < k; ++i){
while (!deq.empty() && nums[i] >= nums[deq.back()]) deq.pop_back();//去除队列中所有比当前元素小的元素(这些元素比当前元素小又比当前元素早出现,当前元素存在期间它们绝不可能成为max)
deq.push_back(i);
}
res.push_back(nums[deq.front()]);//队首元素是窗口中的max(否则会被后面的元素删除的)
for (int i = k; i < n; ++i){
if (i - deq.front() >= k) deq.pop_front();//如果队首元素已不在窗口中,将其删除
while (!deq.empty() && nums[i] >= nums[deq.back()]) deq.pop_back();//删除队列中所有比当前元素小的元素
deq.push_back(i);//当前元素入队
res.push_back(nums[deq.front()]);//输出这个窗口的max
}
return res;
}
};
注:线性时间复杂度