Write a program to find the n
-th ugly number.
Ugly numbers are positive numbers whose prime factors only include 2, 3, 5
. For example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12
is the sequence of the first 10
ugly numbers.
Note that 1
is typically treated as an ugly number.
Hint:
- The naive approach is to call
isUgly
for every number until you reach the nth one. Most numbers are not ugly. Try to focus your effort on generating only the ugly ones. - An ugly number must be multiplied by either 2, 3, or 5 from a smaller ugly number.
- The key is how to maintain the order of the ugly numbers. Try a similar approach of merging from three sorted lists: L1, L2, and L3.
- Assume you have Uk, the kth ugly number. Then Uk+1 must be Min(L1 * 2, L2 * 3, L3 * 5).
class Solution {
public:
int nthUglyNumber(int n) {
if (n <= 0) return -1;
vector<int> nums;
nums.push_back(1);
int cnt = 1;
int cur2 = 0, cur3 = 0, cur5 = 0;
int next = min(2 * nums[cur2], min(3 * nums[cur3], 5 * nums[cur5]));
while (cnt < n){
nums.push_back(next);
++cnt;
//可能出现重复的数,所有必须每一个都判断,所有满足条件的指针都移动
if (next == 2 * nums[cur2]) ++cur2;
if (next == 3 * nums[cur3]) ++cur3;
if (next == 5 * nums[cur5]) ++cur5;
next = min(2 * nums[cur2], min(3 * nums[cur3], 5 * nums[cur5]));
}
return nums[n-1];
}
};